---
title: "Masu tunani · Plato zuwa Chalmers · Hasashen Kwaikwayo"
url: https://simulation-hypothesis.com/ha/thinkers
description: "Kogon Plato, malam buɗe littafi na Zhuangzi, aljanin Descartes, kwakwalwar Putnam a tulu, matsalar uku ta Bostrom da ƙari, kowanne da maɓalli a filin gwaji."
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
credit: "Ross Allan Dahl, Hasashen Kwaikwayo (simulation-hypothesis.com)"
---

# Masu tunani · Maƙaloli 14, daga Plato zuwa Chalmers

Kowane zamani yana sake faɗin tambayar nan ɗaya da kalmomin zamaninsa. Waɗannan su ne ra’ayoyi 14 da shafin ke amfani da su, kowanne da maɓallin filin gwaji da ya dace da shi.

[kusan 375 BC Kogon Plato Fursunoni, wuta da inuwa a kan bango: hoto na farko na abin da aka hasko da aka ɗauka duniya ce.](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/ha/thinkers/plato)[kusan 300 BC Malam-buɗe-littafin Zhuangzi Zhuangzi ya yi mafarkin shi malam-buɗe-littafi ne, sai ya farka kuma ya kasa cewa wanne cikin biyun ne yake mafarki.](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/ha/thinkers/zhuangzi)[ƙarni na 4–5 AD Mafarkin Vasubandhu Duniya ɗaya mai tsari da ke shafar mu za ta iya bayyana ba tare da abubuwa na waje ba. Vasubandhu ya kare wannan da mafarki, da fatalwowi masu yunwa, da mafarkin wuta ta jahannama.](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/ha/thinkers/vasubandhu)[Ƙarni na 8 bayan Annabi Isa Māyā ta Shankara Duniya ta gaske ce har a iya rayuwa a cikinta, amma ba ta gaske ba a ƙarshen bincike. Advaita Vedanta yana riƙe iƙirari biyun a lokaci guda.](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/ha/thinkers/shankara)[farkon ƙarni na 12 Shakkar Al-Gazali Shekaru ɗari biyar kafin Descartes, wani malami ɗan Farisa ya tambayi me zai sa rayuwar farkawa ta zama kamar mafarki.](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/ha/thinkers/ghazali)[1229 Tunanin ƙirƙira na Ibn Arabi Duniya duka tunanin ƙirƙira ne, ana sabunta ta a kowane lokaci. Ga Ibn Arabi hakan ya sa ta ƙara ma’ana, ba ta rage ba.](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/ha/thinkers/ibn-arabi)[1635 Rayuwar Calderón mafarki ce An gaya wa wani basarake cewa mafi kyawun ranarsa mafarki ne. Sai ya yanke shawarar ya yi aiki nagari a kowane hali, ko da zai farka.](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/ha/thinkers/calderon)[1641 Aljanin Descartes Ka ɗauka wani mai ƙarfi mai yawa ya sa dukkan ƙoƙarinsa don ya ruɗe ka. Me ya rage?](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/ha/thinkers/descartes)[1710–1713 Mai ganewar Berkeley Kasancewa shi ne a gane, kuma abubuwan da babu wanda yake kallo har yanzu suna wanzuwa domin Allah yana nan.](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/ha/thinkers/berkeley)[1940 Rugujewar zagayen Borges Wani mutum yana mafarkin ɗa har ya samu, sai ya gane cewa wani yana mafarkinsa shi ma.](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/ha/thinkers/borges)[1974 Injin ƙwarewa na Nozick Na’ura da ke ba ka kowace rayuwa da ka zaɓa, wadda ba za ka iya bambanta ta da ta gaske ba. Za ka shiga?](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/ha/thinkers/nozick)[1981 Kwakwalwar Putnam a cikin tulu Aljanin ya zama kayan aiki. Sai Putnam ya yi hujja cewa kwakwalwar da ke cikin tulu ba za ta iya faɗi da gaskiya cewa tana cikin tulu ba.](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/ha/thinkers/putnam)[2003 Matsalar uku ta Bostrom Ba hujja ba ce cewa an kwaikwaye mu, sai dai hujja ce cewa ɗaya daga cikin zantuka uku dole ne ya tabbata.](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/ha/thinkers/bostrom)[2022 Chalmers: duniyoyin kama-da-wane na gaske ne Mafi ƙarfin hujja na kwanan nan cewa duniyar kwaikwayo ba za ta zama ta jabu ba.](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/ha/thinkers/chalmers)