--- title: "Simulations by method · Simulation Hypothesis" url: https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/methods description: "The same taxonomy sorted by computational method, from Monte Carlo to agent-based to real-time." license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ credit: "Ross Allan Dahl, Simulation Hypothesis (simulation-hypothesis.com)" --- # Simulations by method · 941 simulations How the computing gets done. Most simulations mix two or three methods, so they show up under each. Expand all Collapse all method First principles 34 Solve the quantum equations for the electrons directly, with no parameters fitted to experiment beyond the fundamental constants (density functional theory, coupled cluster). domain Fundamental physics 7 Nuclear structure Subatomic [Full entry in Fundamental physics ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/fundamental-physics#nuclear-structure) Time-dependent nuclear mean-field dynamics Subatomic [Full entry in Fundamental physics ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/fundamental-physics#nuclear-tdhf) Quantum many-body systems Subatomic [Full entry in Fundamental physics ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/fundamental-physics#quantum-many-body) Topological quantum matter Subatomic [Full entry in Fundamental physics ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/fundamental-physics#topological-quantum-matter) Digital quantum simulation on hardware Subatomic [Full entry in Fundamental physics ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/fundamental-physics#digital-quantum-simulation) Lattice gauge theory on quantum hardware Subatomic [Full entry in Fundamental physics ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/fundamental-physics#lattice-gauge-quantum-hardware) Path-integral Monte Carlo of quantum fluids Atoms [Full entry in Fundamental physics ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/fundamental-physics#path-integral-monte-carlo) domain Chemistry and materials 18 Electronic structure Atoms [Full entry in Chemistry and materials ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/chemistry-materials#electronic-structure) Reaction dynamics Atoms [Full entry in Chemistry and materials ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/chemistry-materials#reaction-dynamics) Computational materials screening Atoms [Full entry in Chemistry and materials ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/chemistry-materials#materials-screening) Excited states and photochemistry Atoms [Full entry in Chemistry and materials ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/chemistry-materials#excited-states-photochemistry) Spectroscopy prediction Atoms [Full entry in Chemistry and materials ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/chemistry-materials#spectroscopy-prediction) Solvation free energy Atoms [Full entry in Chemistry and materials ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/chemistry-materials#solvation-free-energy) Quantum chemistry on quantum computers Molecules [Full entry in Chemistry and materials ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/chemistry-materials#quantum-chemistry-on-quantum-computers) Ab initio molecular dynamics Atoms [Full entry in Chemistry and materials ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/chemistry-materials#ab-initio-molecular-dynamics) Real-time electron dynamics Atoms [Full entry in Chemistry and materials ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/chemistry-materials#real-time-tddft) Quantum wavepacket dynamics Molecules [Full entry in Chemistry and materials ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/chemistry-materials#quantum-wavepacket-dynamics) Transition-state and reaction-path search Atoms [Full entry in Chemistry and materials ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/chemistry-materials#reaction-path-search) Quantum Monte Carlo for electrons Atoms [Full entry in Chemistry and materials ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/chemistry-materials#quantum-monte-carlo-electrons) Learned density functionals Atoms [Full entry in Chemistry and materials ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/chemistry-materials#learned-density-functionals) Neural-network wavefunctions for molecules Atoms [Full entry in Chemistry and materials ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/chemistry-materials#neural-network-wavefunctions-electrons) Alloy cluster expansion Atoms [Full entry in Chemistry and materials ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/chemistry-materials#alloy-cluster-expansion) Lattice thermal-conductivity calculation Atoms [Full entry in Chemistry and materials ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/chemistry-materials#phonon-thermal-transport) Generative models of crystals Atoms [Full entry in Chemistry and materials ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/chemistry-materials#generative-crystal-models) Catalysis Atoms [Full entry in Chemistry and materials ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/chemistry-materials#catalysis) domain Life and medicine 1 Enzyme catalysis Atoms [Full entry in Life and medicine ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/life-medicine#enzyme-catalysis) domain Engineering and technology 2 Semiconductor device simulation Atoms [Full entry in Engineering and technology ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/engineering#semiconductor-devices) Batteries and fuel cells Fields [Full entry in Engineering and technology ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/engineering#batteries) domain Mathematics and computation 6 Riemann zeta zero computation Rules [Full entry in Mathematics and computation ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/mathematics-computation#riemann-zeta-zero-computation) Digits of pi by computer Rules [Full entry in Mathematics and computation ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/mathematics-computation#pi-digit-computation) Symbolic execution Rules [Full entry in Mathematics and computation ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/mathematics-computation#symbolic-execution) Abstract interpretation Rules [Full entry in Mathematics and computation ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/mathematics-computation#abstract-interpretation) Bounded model checking Rules [Full entry in Mathematics and computation ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/mathematics-computation#bounded-model-checking) Neural network verification Rules [Full entry in Mathematics and computation ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/mathematics-computation#neural-network-verification) method Lattice field theory 8 Discretise spacetime as a four-dimensional grid and place the quantum fields on its sites. domain Fundamental physics 4 Lattice QCD Subatomic [Full entry in Fundamental physics ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/fundamental-physics#lattice-qcd) Flow-based sampling for lattice field theory Subatomic [Full entry in Fundamental physics ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/fundamental-physics#flow-based-lattice-sampling) Nuclear lattice effective field theory Subatomic [Full entry in Fundamental physics ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/fundamental-physics#nuclear-lattice-effective-field-theory) Lattice gauge theory on quantum hardware Subatomic [Full entry in Fundamental physics ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/fundamental-physics#lattice-gauge-quantum-hardware) domain Astronomy and cosmology 1 Early-universe lattice field dynamics Subatomic [Full entry in Astronomy and cosmology ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/astronomy-cosmology#early-universe-lattice-fields) domain Chemistry and materials 1 Alloy cluster expansion Atoms [Full entry in Chemistry and materials ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/chemistry-materials#alloy-cluster-expansion) domain Ecology, evolution and animal behaviour 1 Spatial host-parasitoid and pest lattices Populations [Full entry in Ecology, evolution and animal behaviour ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/ecology-behaviour#spatial-host-parasitoid-lattices) domain Engineering and technology 1 Lattice Boltzmann flow simulation Fields [Full entry in Engineering and technology ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/engineering#lattice-boltzmann) method Molecular dynamics 27 Integrate Newton’s equations of motion for every atom in steps of about a femtosecond, using a force field for the interatomic interactions. domain Fundamental physics 3 Neutron-star crust pasta dynamics Subatomic [Full entry in Fundamental physics ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/fundamental-physics#nuclear-pasta-md) Dusty plasma and Yukawa-system simulation Molecules [Full entry in Fundamental physics ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/fundamental-physics#dusty-plasma-yukawa) One-component plasma simulation Subatomic [Full entry in Fundamental physics ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/fundamental-physics#one-component-plasma) domain Chemistry and materials 16 Reaction dynamics Atoms [Full entry in Chemistry and materials ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/chemistry-materials#reaction-dynamics) Machine-learned interatomic potentials Atoms [Full entry in Chemistry and materials ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/chemistry-materials#machine-learned-interatomic-potentials) Ab initio molecular dynamics Atoms [Full entry in Chemistry and materials ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/chemistry-materials#ab-initio-molecular-dynamics) Path-integral molecular dynamics Atoms [Full entry in Chemistry and materials ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/chemistry-materials#path-integral-molecular-dynamics) Liquids and solutions Molecules [Full entry in Chemistry and materials ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/chemistry-materials#liquids-solutions) Polymers and soft matter Molecules [Full entry in Chemistry and materials ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/chemistry-materials#soft-matter) Colloids and nanoparticle assembly Molecules [Full entry in Chemistry and materials ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/chemistry-materials#colloids-nanoparticle-assembly) Glass formation Molecules [Full entry in Chemistry and materials ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/chemistry-materials#glass-formation) Molten salts and ionic liquids Molecules [Full entry in Chemistry and materials ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/chemistry-materials#ionic-liquids-electrolytes) Reactive force-field dynamics Atoms [Full entry in Chemistry and materials ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/chemistry-materials#reactive-force-field-dynamics) Metadynamics and enhanced sampling Atoms [Full entry in Chemistry and materials ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/chemistry-materials#metadynamics-enhanced-sampling) Learned equilibrium samplers Molecules [Full entry in Chemistry and materials ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/chemistry-materials#learned-equilibrium-sampling) Coarse-grained molecular dynamics Molecules [Full entry in Chemistry and materials ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/chemistry-materials#coarse-grained-molecular-dynamics) Enhanced-sampling free-energy methods Atoms [Full entry in Chemistry and materials ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/chemistry-materials#enhanced-sampling-free-energy) Fracture and defects Atoms [Full entry in Chemistry and materials ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/chemistry-materials#fracture) Radiation-damage cascades in materials Atoms [Full entry in Chemistry and materials ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/chemistry-materials#radiation-damage-cascades) domain Life and medicine 8 Protein folding and dynamics Atoms [Full entry in Life and medicine ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/life-medicine#protein-dynamics) Molecular docking and drug binding Atoms [Full entry in Life and medicine ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/life-medicine#drug-binding) Membranes and ion channels Atoms [Full entry in Life and medicine ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/life-medicine#membranes) Whole virus particles Atoms [Full entry in Life and medicine ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/life-medicine#virus-particles) Enzyme catalysis Atoms [Full entry in Life and medicine ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/life-medicine#enzyme-catalysis) Coarse-grained DNA and RNA models Molecules [Full entry in Life and medicine ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/life-medicine#coarse-grained-nucleic-acids) Volunteer-computed molecular dynamics Molecules [Full entry in Life and medicine ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/life-medicine#volunteer-computing-molecular-dynamics) Vaccine antigen design Atoms [Full entry in Life and medicine ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/life-medicine#vaccine-antigen-design) method Monte Carlo 128 Repeated sampling: run the process many times with random choices and estimate the quantity of interest from the statistics. domain Fundamental physics 22 Lattice QCD Subatomic [Full entry in Fundamental physics ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/fundamental-physics#lattice-qcd) Collider event generation Subatomic [Full entry in Fundamental physics ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/fundamental-physics#collider-events) Detector response Subatomic [Full entry in Fundamental physics ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/fundamental-physics#detector-response) Cosmic-ray air showers Subatomic [Full entry in Fundamental physics ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/fundamental-physics#air-showers) Neutrino detector simulation Subatomic [Full entry in Fundamental physics ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/fundamental-physics#neutrino-detectors) Flow-based sampling for lattice field theory Subatomic [Full entry in Fundamental physics ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/fundamental-physics#flow-based-lattice-sampling) Nuclear structure Subatomic [Full entry in Fundamental physics ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/fundamental-physics#nuclear-structure) Reactor core physics Subatomic [Full entry in Fundamental physics ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/fundamental-physics#reactor-core) Radiation transport Subatomic [Full entry in Fundamental physics ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/fundamental-physics#radiation-transport) Nuclear criticality safety Subatomic [Full entry in Fundamental physics ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/fundamental-physics#criticality-safety) Radioactivation and decay chains Subatomic [Full entry in Fundamental physics ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/fundamental-physics#activation-decay) Fusion breeding blanket neutronics Subatomic [Full entry in Fundamental physics ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/fundamental-physics#fusion-blanket) Nuclear lattice effective field theory Subatomic [Full entry in Fundamental physics ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/fundamental-physics#nuclear-lattice-effective-field-theory) Dusty plasma and Yukawa-system simulation Molecules [Full entry in Fundamental physics ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/fundamental-physics#dusty-plasma-yukawa) One-component plasma simulation Subatomic [Full entry in Fundamental physics ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/fundamental-physics#one-component-plasma) Quantum many-body systems Subatomic [Full entry in Fundamental physics ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/fundamental-physics#quantum-many-body) Quantum error correction Subatomic [Full entry in Fundamental physics ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/fundamental-physics#quantum-error-correction) Topological quantum matter Subatomic [Full entry in Fundamental physics ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/fundamental-physics#topological-quantum-matter) Neural-network quantum states Subatomic [Full entry in Fundamental physics ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/fundamental-physics#neural-network-quantum-states) Path-integral Monte Carlo of quantum fluids Atoms [Full entry in Fundamental physics ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/fundamental-physics#path-integral-monte-carlo) Stabilizer circuit simulation Rules [Full entry in Fundamental physics ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/fundamental-physics#stabilizer-circuit-simulation) Learned error-correction decoders Rules [Full entry in Fundamental physics ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/fundamental-physics#neural-error-correction-decoders) domain Astronomy and cosmology 8 Cosmic microwave background Fields [Full entry in Astronomy and cosmology ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/astronomy-cosmology#cmb) Synthetic sky survey catalogues and images Fields [Full entry in Astronomy and cosmology ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/astronomy-cosmology#synthetic-sky-survey-images) Core-collapse supernovae Fields [Full entry in Astronomy and cosmology ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/astronomy-cosmology#supernova) Binary population synthesis Fields [Full entry in Astronomy and cosmology ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/astronomy-cosmology#binary-population-synthesis) Exoplanet detection and characterisation Bodies [Full entry in Astronomy and cosmology ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/astronomy-cosmology#exoplanet-detection) Exoplanet atmosphere retrieval Molecules [Full entry in Astronomy and cosmology ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/astronomy-cosmology#exoplanet-atmosphere-retrieval) Kilonova radiative transfer Fields [Full entry in Astronomy and cosmology ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/astronomy-cosmology#kilonova-light-curves) Neural inference for gravitational waves Fields [Full entry in Astronomy and cosmology ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/astronomy-cosmology#gravitational-wave-neural-inference) domain Earth and climate 4 Numerical weather prediction Fields [Full entry in Earth and climate ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/earth-climate#weather-forecast) Seasonal forecasting Fields [Full entry in Earth and climate ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/earth-climate#seasonal-forecasting) Ensemble weather forecasting Fields [Full entry in Earth and climate ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/earth-climate#ensemble-forecasting) Stochastic earthquake-catalogue models Rules [Full entry in Earth and climate ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/earth-climate#earthquake-catalogue-stochastic) domain Chemistry and materials 18 Path-integral molecular dynamics Atoms [Full entry in Chemistry and materials ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/chemistry-materials#path-integral-molecular-dynamics) Quantum Monte Carlo for electrons Atoms [Full entry in Chemistry and materials ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/chemistry-materials#quantum-monte-carlo-electrons) Neural-network wavefunctions for molecules Atoms [Full entry in Chemistry and materials ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/chemistry-materials#neural-network-wavefunctions-electrons) Polymers and soft matter Molecules [Full entry in Chemistry and materials ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/chemistry-materials#soft-matter) Colloids and nanoparticle assembly Molecules [Full entry in Chemistry and materials ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/chemistry-materials#colloids-nanoparticle-assembly) Metadynamics and enhanced sampling Atoms [Full entry in Chemistry and materials ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/chemistry-materials#metadynamics-enhanced-sampling) Kinetic Monte Carlo Atoms [Full entry in Chemistry and materials ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/chemistry-materials#kinetic-monte-carlo) Enhanced-sampling free-energy methods Atoms [Full entry in Chemistry and materials ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/chemistry-materials#enhanced-sampling-free-energy) Adsorption in porous materials Molecules [Full entry in Chemistry and materials ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/chemistry-materials#grand-canonical-adsorption) Chain-growth Monte Carlo for polymers Molecules [Full entry in Chemistry and materials ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/chemistry-materials#chain-growth-monte-carlo) Magnetism and phase transitions Atoms [Full entry in Chemistry and materials ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/chemistry-materials#ising) Microstructure Fields [Full entry in Chemistry and materials ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/chemistry-materials#microstructure) Thin film growth Atoms [Full entry in Chemistry and materials ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/chemistry-materials#thin-film-growth) Alloy cluster expansion Atoms [Full entry in Chemistry and materials ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/chemistry-materials#alloy-cluster-expansion) Organic semiconductor charge transport Molecules [Full entry in Chemistry and materials ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/chemistry-materials#organic-charge-transport) Diffusion-limited aggregation Rules [Full entry in Chemistry and materials ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/chemistry-materials#diffusion-limited-aggregation) Corrosion Fields [Full entry in Chemistry and materials ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/chemistry-materials#corrosion) Crystallisation Molecules [Full entry in Chemistry and materials ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/chemistry-materials#crystallisation) domain Life and medicine 11 Molecular docking and drug binding Atoms [Full entry in Life and medicine ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/life-medicine#drug-binding) RNA folding and structure Molecules [Full entry in Life and medicine ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/life-medicine#rna-folding) In silico clinical trials Bodies [Full entry in Life and medicine ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/life-medicine#in-silico-trials) Radiotherapy dose calculation Bodies [Full entry in Life and medicine ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/life-medicine#radiotherapy-dose-calculation) Virtual anatomical phantoms for imaging Bodies [Full entry in Life and medicine ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/life-medicine#virtual-anatomical-phantoms) Disease burden and health economic modelling Populations [Full entry in Life and medicine ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/life-medicine#disease-burden-modelling) Environmental and chemical exposure risk assessment Populations [Full entry in Life and medicine ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/life-medicine#environmental-exposure-risk) Virtual imaging trials Bodies [Full entry in Life and medicine ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/life-medicine#virtual-imaging-trials) Predictive toxicology Molecules [Full entry in Life and medicine ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/life-medicine#toxicology-simulation) Clinical trial design simulation Populations [Full entry in Life and medicine ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/life-medicine#trial-design-simulation) Vaccine antigen design Atoms [Full entry in Life and medicine ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/life-medicine#vaccine-antigen-design) domain Ecology, evolution and animal behaviour 9 Fisheries and wildlife management Populations [Full entry in Ecology, evolution and animal behaviour ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/ecology-behaviour#fisheries) Species ranges Populations [Full entry in Ecology, evolution and animal behaviour ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/ecology-behaviour#species-ranges) Fisheries management strategy evaluation Populations [Full entry in Ecology, evolution and animal behaviour ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/ecology-behaviour#fisheries-strategy-evaluation) Near-term ecological forecasting Populations [Full entry in Ecology, evolution and animal behaviour ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/ecology-behaviour#near-term-ecological-forecasting) Neutral community models Populations [Full entry in Ecology, evolution and animal behaviour ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/ecology-behaviour#neutral-community-models) Population genetics Populations [Full entry in Ecology, evolution and animal behaviour ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/ecology-behaviour#population-genetics) Speciation and macroevolution models Populations [Full entry in Ecology, evolution and animal behaviour ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/ecology-behaviour#speciation-macroevolution) Population viability analysis Populations [Full entry in Ecology, evolution and animal behaviour ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/ecology-behaviour#population-viability-analysis) Reserve and corridor design Populations [Full entry in Ecology, evolution and animal behaviour ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/ecology-behaviour#reserve-corridor-design) domain Agriculture and food 1 Quantitative microbial risk assessment Populations [Full entry in Agriculture and food ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/agriculture-food#microbial-risk-assessment) domain Human behaviour and society 13 Choice under risk and uncertainty modelling Rules [Full entry in Human behaviour and 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risk modelling Rules [Full entry in Human behaviour and society ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/human-society#recidivism-risk-modelling) domain Engineering and technology 3 Rarefied-gas direct simulation Molecules [Full entry in Engineering and technology ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/engineering#rarefied-gas-dsmc) Mega-constellation collision risk Rules [Full entry in Engineering and technology ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/engineering#mega-constellation-debris-risk) Conjunction collision probability Rules [Full entry in Engineering and technology ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/engineering#conjunction-collision-probability) domain Cities, infrastructure and operations 6 Transport and land use Bodies [Full entry in Cities, infrastructure and operations ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/cities-operations#transport-land-use) Last-mile delivery routing Bodies [Full entry in Cities, infrastructure and 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▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/mathematics-computation#fuzz-testing) Storage systems simulation Rules [Full entry in Mathematics and computation ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/mathematics-computation#storage-systems-simulation) Empirical algorithm performance testing Rules [Full entry in Mathematics and computation ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/mathematics-computation#empirical-algorithmics) Simulated annealing Rules [Full entry in Mathematics and computation ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/mathematics-computation#simulated-annealing) Approximate Bayesian computation Rules [Full entry in Mathematics and computation ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/mathematics-computation#approximate-bayesian-computation) domain Minds as simulators 1 The intuitive physics engine Bodies [Full entry in Minds as simulators ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/mind-simulations#intuitive-physics-engine) domain Before computers 2 Galton board Rules [Full entry in Before computers ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/before-computers#galton-board) Buffon's needle Rules [Full entry in Before computers ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/before-computers#buffon-needle) domain Defence and conflict 3 Anti-submarine search theory Populations [Full entry in Defence and conflict ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/defence-conflict#anti-submarine-search-theory) Chemical, biological and radiological hazard plumes Fields [Full entry in Defence and conflict ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/defence-conflict#cbrn-hazard-plumes) Biological attack response models Populations [Full entry in Defence and conflict ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/defence-conflict#bioattack-response-models) domain Film, media and art 6 Ocean surface synthesis Fields [Full entry in Film, media and art ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/media-art#ocean-wave-synthesis) Particle system effects Fields [Full entry in Film, media and art ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/media-art#particle-system-effects) Procedural cities and landscapes Rules [Full entry in Film, media and art ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/media-art#procedural-cities-landscapes) Generative art systems Rules [Full entry in Film, media and art ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/media-art#generative-art-systems) Procedural and generative music Rules [Full entry in Film, media and art ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/media-art#procedural-music-composition) Procedural texture and material generation Rules [Full entry in Film, media and art ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/media-art#procedural-texture-material-generation) domain Video games 2 Auto-battlers Populations [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#auto-battlers) Fishing simulation Bodies [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#fishing-sims) method Agent-based 159 Each individual has its own rules and state; the individuals interact, and collective behaviour emerges that no individual intends. domain Earth and climate 1 World-Earth models Fields [Full entry in Earth and climate ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/earth-climate#world-earth-models) domain Life and medicine 14 Pattern formation Cells [Full entry in Life and medicine ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/life-medicine#pattern-formation) Tissue and tumour growth Cells [Full entry in Life and medicine ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/life-medicine#tissue-growth) Tumour evolution agent-based models Cells [Full entry in Life and medicine ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/life-medicine#tumour-evolution-agent-models) Tumour microenvironment evolution Cells [Full entry in Life and medicine ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/life-medicine#tumour-microenvironment-evolution) Tumour-induced blood vessel growth Cells [Full entry in Life and medicine ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/life-medicine#tumour-angiogenesis) Bacterial colony growth and biofilms Cells [Full entry in Life and medicine ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/life-medicine#bacterial-colony-individual-based) Immune response Cells [Full entry in Life and medicine ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/life-medicine#immune-response) Agent-based epidemics Bodies [Full entry in Life and medicine ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/life-medicine#agent-epidemics) Individual-based malaria models Populations [Full entry in Life and medicine ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/life-medicine#malaria-individual-based-models) Scenario modelling hubs Populations [Full entry in Life and medicine ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/life-medicine#scenario-modelling-hubs) Malaria transmission and intervention models Populations [Full entry in Life and medicine ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/life-medicine#malaria-transmission-intervention) Cancer screening microsimulation Bodies [Full entry in Life and medicine ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/life-medicine#cancer-screening-microsimulation) Obesity and diet agent-based models Populations [Full entry in Life and medicine ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/life-medicine#obesity-agent-based) Synthetic patient record generation Populations [Full entry in Life and medicine ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/life-medicine#synthetic-patient-records) domain Ecology, evolution and animal behaviour 24 Ant colony foraging Bodies [Full entry in Ecology, evolution and animal behaviour ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/ecology-behaviour#ant-colonies) Honeybee colonies Bodies [Full entry in Ecology, evolution and animal behaviour ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/ecology-behaviour#honeybees) Flocking and schooling Bodies [Full entry in Ecology, evolution and animal behaviour ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/ecology-behaviour#flocking) Termite mound building Bodies [Full entry in Ecology, evolution and animal behaviour ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/ecology-behaviour#termite-mounds) Slime mould aggregation Cells [Full entry in Ecology, evolution and animal behaviour ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/ecology-behaviour#slime-mould-aggregation) Bacterial swarming and quorum sensing Cells [Full entry in Ecology, evolution and animal behaviour ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/ecology-behaviour#bacterial-swarming) Locust marching bands Populations [Full entry in Ecology, evolution and animal behaviour ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/ecology-behaviour#locust-marching) Movement and foraging Bodies [Full entry in Ecology, evolution and animal behaviour ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/ecology-behaviour#movement-foraging) Migration and navigation Bodies [Full entry in Ecology, evolution and animal behaviour ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/ecology-behaviour#migration) Forest dynamics Bodies [Full entry in Ecology, evolution and animal behaviour ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/ecology-behaviour#forest-dynamics) Wildlife disease Bodies [Full entry in Ecology, evolution and animal behaviour ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/ecology-behaviour#wildlife-disease) General ecosystem models Populations [Full entry in Ecology, evolution and animal behaviour ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/ecology-behaviour#general-ecosystem-models) Individual-based ecological models Populations [Full entry in Ecology, evolution and animal behaviour ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/ecology-behaviour#individual-based-ecology) Coral reef resilience models Populations [Full entry in Ecology, evolution and animal behaviour ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/ecology-behaviour#coral-reef-resilience) Honeybee colony and landscape models Populations [Full entry in Ecology, evolution and animal behaviour ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/ecology-behaviour#honeybee-colony-landscape) Neutral community models Populations [Full entry in Ecology, evolution and animal behaviour ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/ecology-behaviour#neutral-community-models) Host-parasite coevolution Populations [Full entry in Ecology, evolution and animal behaviour 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Human behaviour and society ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/human-society#cooperation) Diffusion of ideas Bodies [Full entry in Human behaviour and society ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/human-society#diffusion) Language evolution Bodies [Full entry in Human behaviour and society ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/human-society#language-evolution) Cultural evolution Populations [Full entry in Human behaviour and society ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/human-society#cultural-evolution) Language-model agent societies Rules [Full entry in Human behaviour and society ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/human-society#llm-generative-agent-societies) Populated social-system prototypes Rules [Full entry in Human behaviour and society ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/human-society#social-computing-prototype-populations) Language-model social platform simulation Rules [Full entry in Human behaviour and 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emotion and behavioural contagion Bodies [Full entry in Human behaviour and society ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/human-society#crowd-emotional-contagion) Collective action and tipping-point models Rules [Full entry in Human behaviour and society ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/human-society#collective-action-threshold) Protest mobilisation network models Bodies [Full entry in Human behaviour and society ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/human-society#protest-mobilization-networks) Mass gathering disease risk modelling Bodies [Full entry in Human behaviour and society ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/human-society#mass-gathering-epidemiology) Agent-based economies Bodies [Full entry in Human behaviour and society ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/human-society#agent-economies) Financial markets Bodies [Full entry in Human behaviour and society 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organisations Rules [Full entry in Human behaviour and society ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/human-society#llm-agent-organisations) Legislative bargaining and coalition simulation Rules [Full entry in Human behaviour and society ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/human-society#legislative-bargaining) Jury decision-making simulation Rules [Full entry in Human behaviour and society ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/human-society#jury-decision-making) Crime hotspot dynamics Populations [Full entry in Human behaviour and society ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/human-society#crime-hotspot-dynamics) domain Engineering and technology 2 Autonomous vehicle testing Bodies [Full entry in Engineering and technology ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/engineering#autonomous-vehicles) Swarm robotics Bodies [Full entry in Engineering and technology ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/engineering#swarm-robotics) domain Cities, infrastructure and operations 19 Traffic flow Bodies [Full entry in Cities, infrastructure and operations ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/cities-operations#traffic) Transport and land use Bodies [Full entry in Cities, infrastructure and operations ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/cities-operations#transport-land-use) Evacuation and emergency response Bodies [Full entry in Cities, infrastructure and operations ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/cities-operations#evacuation) Public transit network simulation Bodies [Full entry in Cities, infrastructure and operations ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/cities-operations#transit-networks) Ride-hailing and dispatch simulation Bodies [Full entry in Cities, infrastructure and operations ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/cities-operations#ride-hailing-dispatch) Aircraft boarding simulation Populations [Full entry in Cities, infrastructure and operations 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computation 1 Blockchain consensus simulation Populations [Full entry in Mathematics and computation ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/mathematics-computation#blockchain-consensus-simulation) domain Minds as simulators 1 Sociodramatic play Rules [Full entry in Minds as simulators ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/mind-simulations#sociodramatic-play) domain Training simulators 3 Paramedic and mass-casualty triage training Bodies [Full entry in Training simulators ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/training#paramedic-triage-training) Agent hospitals Rules [Full entry in Training simulators ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/training#agent-hospital-simulation) Mass-casualty exercises Populations [Full entry in Training simulators ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/training#mass-casualty-exercises) domain Defence and conflict 9 Agent-based combat models Bodies [Full entry in Defence and conflict 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▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#open-city-driving) Life simulation Bodies [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#life-sims) Farming and village life Bodies [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#farming-life) Social hangout worlds Bodies [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#social-simulation-avatars) City building Bodies [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#city-builders) Colony simulation Bodies [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#colony-sims) Management and tycoon Bodies [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#management-tycoon) God games Bodies [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#god-games) Ecosystem and evolution games Bodies [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#evolution-games) Social deduction games Populations [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#social-deduction-games) Grand strategy Populations [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#grand-strategy) Real-time strategy Bodies [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#real-time-strategy) Auto-battlers Populations [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#auto-battlers) Space exploration and trading Bodies [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#space-trading) Terrarium and habitat sandboxes Bodies [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#terrarium-sims) Agent-based game playtesting Rules [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#agent-playtesting) User-generated game platforms Populations [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#user-generated-game-platforms) Massively multiplayer worlds Bodies [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#mmo) Immersive simulation Bodies [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#immersive-sim) Open-world adventure Bodies [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#open-world) Alternate reality games Populations [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#alternate-reality-games) Stealth Bodies [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#stealth) Battle royale Bodies [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#battle-royale) Extraction shooters Bodies [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#extraction-shooters) Sports simulation Bodies [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#sports-sims) Sports management Bodies [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#sports-management) Hunting simulation Bodies [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#hunting-sims) Virtual reality social worlds Bodies [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#vr-social-worlds) method Cellular automata 33 A grid of cells, each updating from its neighbours by a simple local rule. domain Earth and climate 4 Flood inundation modelling Fields [Full entry in Earth and climate ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/earth-climate#flood-inundation-modelling) Volcanic eruptions and lava flows Fields [Full entry in Earth and climate ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/earth-climate#volcanoes) Landscape evolution Fields [Full entry in Earth and climate ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/earth-climate#landscape-evolution) Wildfire spread Fields [Full entry in Earth and climate ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/earth-climate#wildfire) domain Life and medicine 3 Tissue and tumour growth Cells [Full entry in Life and medicine ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/life-medicine#tissue-growth) Tumour evolution agent-based models Cells [Full entry in Life and medicine ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/life-medicine#tumour-evolution-agent-models) Tumour microenvironment evolution Cells [Full entry in Life and medicine ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/life-medicine#tumour-microenvironment-evolution) domain Ecology, evolution and animal behaviour 4 Slime mould aggregation Cells [Full entry in Ecology, evolution and animal behaviour ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/ecology-behaviour#slime-mould-aggregation) Species ranges Populations [Full entry in Ecology, evolution and animal behaviour ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/ecology-behaviour#species-ranges) Spatial host-parasitoid and pest lattices Populations [Full entry in Ecology, evolution and animal behaviour ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/ecology-behaviour#spatial-host-parasitoid-lattices) Invasive species spread Populations [Full entry in Ecology, evolution and animal behaviour ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/ecology-behaviour#invasive-species-spread) domain Agriculture and food 1 Land-use change agent models Populations [Full entry in Agriculture and food ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/agriculture-food#land-use-change-agent-models) domain Human behaviour and society 2 Residential sorting Bodies [Full entry in Human behaviour and society ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/human-society#residential-sorting) Human dispersal Populations [Full entry in Human behaviour and society ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/human-society#human-dispersal) domain Engineering and technology 1 Lattice-gas automata for fluid flow Rules [Full entry in Engineering and technology ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/engineering#lattice-gas-automata) domain Cities, infrastructure and operations 2 Traffic flow Bodies [Full entry in Cities, infrastructure and operations ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/cities-operations#traffic) Urban growth Fields [Full entry in Cities, infrastructure and operations ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/cities-operations#urban-growth) domain Minds, brains and artificial worlds 6 Cellular automata Rules [Full entry in Minds, brains and artificial worlds ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/minds-computation#cellular-automata) Self-organised criticality Bodies [Full entry in Minds, brains and artificial worlds ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/minds-computation#self-organised-criticality) Random Boolean networks Rules [Full entry in Minds, brains and artificial worlds ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/minds-computation#random-boolean-networks) Continuous cellular automata Rules [Full entry in Minds, brains and artificial worlds ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/minds-computation#continuous-cellular-automata) Neural cellular automata Rules [Full entry in Minds, brains and artificial worlds ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/minds-computation#neural-cellular-automata) Continuous artificial life Rules [Full entry in Minds, brains and artificial worlds ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/minds-computation#continuous-lifeforms) domain Mathematics and computation 2 Percolation simulation Rules [Full entry in Mathematics and computation ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/mathematics-computation#percolation-simulation) Sandpile self-organised criticality Rules [Full entry in Mathematics and computation ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/mathematics-computation#sandpile-self-organised-criticality) domain Film, media and art 1 L-system plant modelling Cells [Full entry in Film, media and art ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/media-art#l-system-plants) domain Video games 7 City building Bodies [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#city-builders) Station systems simulation Fields [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#station-systems-sim) Block and voxel sandboxes Bodies [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#voxel-sandbox) Falling-sand games Fields [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#falling-sand) Level and world creation tools Rules [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#sandbox-creation-tools) Terrarium and habitat sandboxes Bodies [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#terrarium-sims) Match-three and tile-swap puzzles Rules [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#match-three) method System dynamics 49 Stocks, flows and feedback loops: the quantity held in each stock and the rate at which it flows into the next. domain Astronomy and cosmology 2 Galactic chemical evolution Rules [Full entry in Astronomy and cosmology ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/astronomy-cosmology#galactic-chemical-evolution) Astrochemical reaction networks Molecules [Full entry in Astronomy and cosmology ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/astronomy-cosmology#astrochemical-networks) domain Earth and climate 6 Integrated assessment models Populations [Full entry in Earth and climate ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/earth-climate#integrated-assessment) World-Earth models Fields [Full entry in Earth and climate ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/earth-climate#world-earth-models) Energy-balance climate model Rules [Full entry in Earth and climate ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/earth-climate#energy-balance-climate-model) Dynamic global vegetation and carbon-cycle modelling Fields [Full entry in Earth and climate ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/earth-climate#dynamic-vegetation-carbon-cycle) Ocean ecosystem and biogeochemistry modelling Fields [Full entry in Earth and climate ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/earth-climate#ocean-biogeochemistry) Rivers and floods Fields [Full entry in Earth and climate ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/earth-climate#hydrology) domain Life and medicine 7 Microbial community metabolic models Cells [Full entry in Life and medicine ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/life-medicine#microbial-community-metabolism) Virtual-population drug exposure models Bodies [Full entry in Life and medicine ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/life-medicine#virtual-population-pbpk) Whole-body integrative physiology Bodies [Full entry in Life and medicine ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/life-medicine#whole-body-physiology) Scenario modelling hubs Populations [Full entry in Life and medicine ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/life-medicine#scenario-modelling-hubs) Antimicrobial resistance spread Populations [Full entry in Life and medicine ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/life-medicine#antimicrobial-resistance-spread) Tobacco-control policy simulation Populations [Full entry in Life and medicine ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/life-medicine#tobacco-control-policy-simulation) Obesity and diet agent-based models Populations [Full entry in Life and medicine ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/life-medicine#obesity-agent-based) domain Ecology, evolution and animal behaviour 6 Trophic mass-balance ecosystem models Populations [Full entry in Ecology, evolution and animal behaviour ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/ecology-behaviour#trophic-mass-balance-ecosystems) Plankton ecosystem models Populations [Full entry in Ecology, evolution and animal behaviour ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/ecology-behaviour#plankton-ecosystem-models) Lake eutrophication models Populations [Full entry in Ecology, evolution and animal behaviour ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/ecology-behaviour#shallow-lake-eutrophication) Honeybee colony and landscape models Populations [Full entry in Ecology, evolution and animal behaviour ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/ecology-behaviour#honeybee-colony-landscape) Near-term ecological forecasting Populations [Full entry in Ecology, evolution and animal behaviour ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/ecology-behaviour#near-term-ecological-forecasting) Size-spectrum ecosystem models Populations [Full entry in Ecology, evolution and animal behaviour ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/ecology-behaviour#size-spectrum-models) domain Agriculture and food 12 Crop growth and yield models Populations [Full entry in Agriculture and food ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/agriculture-food#crop-growth-models) Irrigation scheduling Populations [Full entry in Agriculture and food ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/agriculture-food#irrigation-scheduling) Multi-model crop ensembles Fields [Full entry in Agriculture and food ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/agriculture-food#crop-model-ensembles) Soil organic carbon turnover Fields [Full entry in Agriculture and food ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/agriculture-food#soil-organic-carbon-turnover) Global gridded crop model ensembles Fields [Full entry in Agriculture and food ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/agriculture-food#crop-model-intercomparison) Sterile insect release models Populations [Full entry in Agriculture and food ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/agriculture-food#sterile-insect-release-models) Greenhouse climate models Fields [Full entry in Agriculture and food ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/agriculture-food#greenhouse-climate-models) Livestock herd and feed models Populations [Full entry in Agriculture and food ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/agriculture-food#livestock-herd-feed) Grazing and pasture management Fields [Full entry in Agriculture and food ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/agriculture-food#grazing-pasture) Aquaculture and fish farming Populations [Full entry in Agriculture and food ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/agriculture-food#aquaculture-yield) Aquaculture pond bioenergetics Populations [Full entry in Agriculture and food ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/agriculture-food#aquaculture-pond-bioenergetics) Famine early warning models Populations [Full entry in Agriculture and food ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/agriculture-food#famine-early-warning) domain Human behaviour and society 3 World models Populations [Full entry in Human behaviour and society ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/human-society#world-models) Opioid epidemic system dynamics Populations [Full entry in Human behaviour and society ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/human-society#opioid-system-dynamics) Supply-chain dynamics and the bullwhip effect Rules [Full entry in Human behaviour and society ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/human-society#supply-chain-dynamics) domain Engineering and technology 1 Orbital-debris and satellite-collision modelling Rules [Full entry in Engineering and technology ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/engineering#orbital-debris-evolution) domain Cities, infrastructure and operations 3 Supply chains Bodies [Full entry in Cities, infrastructure and operations ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/cities-operations#supply-chains) Supply chain digital twins Populations [Full entry in Cities, infrastructure and operations ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/cities-operations#supply-chain-digital-twin) Energy-system capacity-planning models Rules [Full entry in Cities, infrastructure and operations ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/cities-operations#energy-system-optimisation) domain Training simulators 1 Business simulations Populations [Full entry in Training simulators ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/training#business-games) domain Defence and conflict 3 Military logistics Bodies [Full entry in Defence and conflict ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/defence-conflict#military-logistics) War economic and reconstruction modelling Populations [Full entry in Defence and conflict ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/defence-conflict#war-reconstruction-economics) Sanctions and economic warfare modelling Populations [Full entry in Defence and conflict ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/defence-conflict#sanctions-economic-warfare) domain Video games 5 Parenting and family life Bodies [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#parenting-sims) City building Bodies [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#city-builders) Management and tycoon Bodies [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#management-tycoon) Idle and incremental Populations [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#idle-games) Grand strategy Populations [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#grand-strategy) method Discrete event 56 Advance from one event to the next (an arrival, a breakdown, a packet), skipping the intervals in which nothing happens. domain Fundamental physics 1 Quantum network simulation Rules [Full entry in Fundamental physics ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/fundamental-physics#quantum-network-simulation) domain Life and medicine 2 Organ allocation policy simulation Populations [Full entry in Life and medicine ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/life-medicine#organ-allocation-simulation) Ambulance and fire station deployment models Populations [Full entry in Life and medicine ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/life-medicine#emergency-service-deployment) domain Agriculture and food 1 Food supply chain simulation Populations [Full entry in Agriculture and food ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/agriculture-food#food-supply-chains) domain Human behaviour and society 5 Agent-based exchange simulators Rules [Full entry in Human behaviour and society ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/human-society#limit-order-book-agent-exchanges) Flash-crash market models Populations [Full entry in Human behaviour and society ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/human-society#flash-crash-agent-model) Supply-chain dynamics and the bullwhip effect Rules [Full entry in Human behaviour and society ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/human-society#supply-chain-dynamics) Court and case-flow simulation Rules [Full entry in Human behaviour and society ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/human-society#court-case-flow) Policing and patrol deployment simulation Bodies [Full entry in Human behaviour and society ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/human-society#patrol-deployment) domain Engineering and technology 5 Co-simulation of linked models Rules [Full entry in Engineering and technology ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/engineering#co-simulation-model-exchange) Chip logic simulation Rules [Full entry in Engineering and technology ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/engineering#logic-simulation) Computer network simulation Rules [Full entry in Engineering and technology ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/engineering#network-simulation) Network digital twins Rules [Full entry in Engineering and technology ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/engineering#network-digital-twins) Digital twins Bodies [Full entry in Engineering and technology ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/engineering#digital-twins) domain Cities, infrastructure and operations 23 Public transit network simulation Bodies [Full entry in Cities, infrastructure and operations ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/cities-operations#transit-networks) Ride-hailing and dispatch simulation Bodies [Full entry in Cities, infrastructure and operations ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/cities-operations#ride-hailing-dispatch) Aircraft boarding simulation Populations [Full entry in Cities, infrastructure and operations ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/cities-operations#aircraft-boarding-simulation) Airport airside simulation Populations [Full entry in Cities, infrastructure and operations ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/cities-operations#airport-airside-simulation) Elevator traffic simulation Populations [Full entry in Cities, infrastructure and operations ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/cities-operations#elevator-traffic-simulation) Shared autonomous vehicle fleets Populations [Full entry in Cities, infrastructure and operations ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/cities-operations#shared-autonomous-vehicle-fleets) Airspace fast-time simulation Populations [Full entry in Cities, infrastructure and operations ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/cities-operations#airspace-fast-time-simulation) Supply chains Bodies [Full entry in Cities, infrastructure and operations ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/cities-operations#supply-chains) Manufacturing lines Bodies [Full entry in Cities, infrastructure and operations ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/cities-operations#manufacturing) Queues and service systems Bodies [Full entry in Cities, infrastructure and operations ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/cities-operations#service-queues) Hospital patient flow Bodies [Full entry in Cities, infrastructure and operations ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/cities-operations#patient-flow) Warehouse and distribution centre simulation Bodies [Full entry in Cities, infrastructure and operations ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/cities-operations#warehouse-automation) Last-mile delivery routing Bodies [Full entry in Cities, infrastructure and operations ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/cities-operations#last-mile-delivery) Warehouse robot fleet coordination Populations [Full entry in Cities, infrastructure and operations ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/cities-operations#warehouse-fleet-coordination) Supply chain digital twins Populations [Full entry in Cities, infrastructure and operations ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/cities-operations#supply-chain-digital-twin) Container terminal simulation Populations [Full entry in Cities, infrastructure and operations ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/cities-operations#container-terminal-simulation) Construction process simulation Populations [Full entry in Cities, infrastructure and operations ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/cities-operations#construction-process-simulation) Waste collection and treatment simulation Bodies [Full entry in Cities, infrastructure and operations ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/cities-operations#waste-management) Power-system electromagnetic transients Fields [Full entry in Cities, infrastructure and operations ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/cities-operations#power-system-electromagnetic-transients) Smart-grid co-simulation Populations [Full entry in Cities, infrastructure and operations ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/cities-operations#smart-grid-cosimulation) Data centre facility simulation Fields [Full entry in Cities, infrastructure and operations ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/cities-operations#data-centre-simulation) Smart-city sensor network simulation Rules [Full entry in Cities, infrastructure and operations ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/cities-operations#smart-city-sensor-networks) Vehicular network simulation Populations [Full entry in Cities, infrastructure and operations ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/cities-operations#vehicular-network-simulation) domain Minds, brains and artificial worlds 1 Core War battles Rules [Full entry in Minds, brains and artificial worlds ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/minds-computation#core-war) domain Mathematics and computation 10 Computer architecture simulation Rules [Full entry in Mathematics and computation ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/mathematics-computation#computer-architecture-simulation) Distributed systems and consensus simulation Rules [Full entry in Mathematics and computation ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/mathematics-computation#distributed-systems-simulation) Storage systems simulation Rules [Full entry in Mathematics and computation ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/mathematics-computation#storage-systems-simulation) Operating system scheduler simulation Rules [Full entry in Mathematics and computation ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/mathematics-computation#os-scheduler-simulation) Blockchain consensus simulation Populations [Full entry in Mathematics and computation ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/mathematics-computation#blockchain-consensus-simulation) Parallel discrete-event simulation Rules [Full entry in Mathematics and computation ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/mathematics-computation#parallel-discrete-event-simulation) Graphics processor architecture simulation Rules [Full entry in Mathematics and computation ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/mathematics-computation#gpu-architecture-simulation) FPGA-accelerated system simulation Rules [Full entry in Mathematics and computation ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/mathematics-computation#fpga-accelerated-system-simulation) Full-system simulation Rules [Full entry in Mathematics and computation ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/mathematics-computation#full-system-simulation) Lightweight network emulation Rules [Full entry in Mathematics and computation ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/mathematics-computation#network-emulation-lightweight) domain Training simulators 1 Air traffic control simulators Bodies [Full entry in Training simulators ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/training#air-traffic-control-simulators) domain Defence and conflict 4 Military logistics Bodies [Full entry in Defence and conflict ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/defence-conflict#military-logistics) Cyber ranges Rules [Full entry in Defence and conflict ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/defence-conflict#cyber-ranges) Casualty and humanitarian response Bodies [Full entry in Defence and conflict ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/defence-conflict#casualty-care) Landmine and unexploded ordnance clearance planning Populations [Full entry in Defence and conflict ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/defence-conflict#landmine-clearance) domain Video games 3 Automation and factory building Bodies [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#automation-games) Programming battle games Rules [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#programming-battle-games) Cloud-streamed games Rules [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#cloud-streamed-games) method Network models 66 Nodes and links: the connectivity of the system, and what spreads or flows along the connections. domain Fundamental physics 1 Quantum network simulation Rules [Full entry in Fundamental physics ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/fundamental-physics#quantum-network-simulation) domain Chemistry and materials 1 Pore-network modelling Fields [Full entry in Chemistry and materials ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/chemistry-materials#pore-network-modelling) domain Life and medicine 10 Gene regulatory networks Molecules [Full entry in Life and medicine ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/life-medicine#gene-regulation) Metabolic networks Molecules [Full entry in Life and medicine ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/life-medicine#metabolism) Microbial community metabolic models Cells [Full entry in Life and medicine ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/life-medicine#microbial-community-metabolism) Gut microbiome community models Cells [Full entry in Life and medicine ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/life-medicine#gut-microbiome-communities) Agent-based epidemics Bodies [Full entry in Life and medicine ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/life-medicine#agent-epidemics) Outbreak genomic epidemiology Populations [Full entry in Life and medicine ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/life-medicine#outbreak-genomics) Mobility-network epidemic models Populations [Full entry in Life and medicine ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/life-medicine#mobility-network-epidemics) Digital contact-tracing models Populations [Full entry in Life and medicine ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/life-medicine#digital-contact-tracing-models) Epidemics on contact networks Populations [Full entry in Life and medicine ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/life-medicine#epidemics-on-networks) Drug repurposing network models Molecules [Full entry in Life and medicine ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/life-medicine#drug-repurposing-networks) domain Ecology, evolution and animal behaviour 4 Food webs Populations [Full entry in Ecology, evolution and animal behaviour ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/ecology-behaviour#food-webs) Wildlife disease Bodies [Full entry in Ecology, evolution and animal behaviour ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/ecology-behaviour#wildlife-disease) Origin of life Molecules [Full entry in Ecology, evolution and animal behaviour ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/ecology-behaviour#origin-of-life) Reserve and corridor design Populations [Full entry in Ecology, evolution and animal behaviour ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/ecology-behaviour#reserve-corridor-design) domain Agriculture and food 4 Pest and plant disease spread Populations [Full entry in Agriculture and food ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/agriculture-food#pest-disease-spread) Livestock disease outbreak models Populations [Full entry in Agriculture and food ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/agriculture-food#livestock-disease-outbreak) Food supply chain simulation Populations [Full entry in Agriculture and food ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/agriculture-food#food-supply-chains) Food safety and traceability simulation Populations [Full entry in Agriculture and food ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/agriculture-food#food-traceability-safety) domain Human behaviour and society 11 Opinion dynamics Bodies [Full entry in Human behaviour and society ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/human-society#opinion-dynamics) Diffusion of ideas Bodies [Full entry in Human behaviour and society ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/human-society#diffusion) Social network formation Bodies [Full entry in Human behaviour and society ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/human-society#network-formation) Language-model social platform simulation Rules [Full entry in Human behaviour and society ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/human-society#llm-social-platform-simulation) Misinformation and rumour spread Populations [Full entry in Human behaviour and society ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/human-society#misinformation-complex-contagion) Crowd emotion and behavioural contagion Bodies [Full entry in Human behaviour and society ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/human-society#crowd-emotional-contagion) Protest mobilisation network models Bodies [Full entry in Human behaviour and society ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/human-society#protest-mobilization-networks) Financial contagion in interbank networks Rules [Full entry in Human behaviour and society ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/human-society#financial-contagion-networks) Disaster economic ripple models Rules [Full entry in Human behaviour and society ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/human-society#disaster-input-output-economics) Ancient trade and exchange Bodies [Full entry in Human behaviour and society ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/human-society#ancient-networks) Policy diffusion network models Populations [Full entry in Human behaviour and society ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/human-society#policy-diffusion-networks) domain Cities, infrastructure and operations 14 Project schedule risk simulation Rules [Full entry in Cities, infrastructure and operations ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/cities-operations#project-schedule-monte-carlo) Warehouse robot fleet coordination Populations [Full entry in Cities, infrastructure and operations ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/cities-operations#warehouse-fleet-coordination) Supply chain digital twins Populations [Full entry in Cities, infrastructure and operations ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/cities-operations#supply-chain-digital-twin) Power grids Populations [Full entry in Cities, infrastructure and operations ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/cities-operations#power-grids) Water and drainage networks Fields [Full entry in Cities, infrastructure and operations ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/cities-operations#water-networks) Infrastructure interdependence Bodies [Full entry in Cities, infrastructure and operations ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/cities-operations#interdependence) Waste collection and treatment simulation Bodies [Full entry in Cities, infrastructure and operations ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/cities-operations#waste-management) District heating and cooling networks Fields [Full entry in Cities, infrastructure and operations ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/cities-operations#district-heating) Cascading-blackout models Populations [Full entry in Cities, infrastructure and operations ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/cities-operations#cascading-blackout-models) Gas pipeline network transients Fields [Full entry in Cities, infrastructure and operations ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/cities-operations#gas-pipeline-network-transients) Internet backbone and cable resilience Rules [Full entry in Cities, infrastructure and operations ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/cities-operations#internet-topology-resilience) Satellite broadband constellation simulation Bodies [Full entry in Cities, infrastructure and operations ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/cities-operations#satellite-constellations) Smart-city sensor network simulation Rules [Full entry in Cities, infrastructure and operations ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/cities-operations#smart-city-sensor-networks) Internet worm propagation models Rules [Full entry in Cities, infrastructure and operations ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/cities-operations#worm-propagation-models) domain Minds, brains and artificial worlds 9 Large-scale brain circuits Cells [Full entry in Minds, brains and artificial worlds ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/minds-computation#brain-circuits) Whole-brain network models Populations [Full entry in Minds, brains and artificial worlds ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/minds-computation#whole-brain) Brain disease and seizure spread Populations [Full entry in Minds, brains and artificial worlds ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/minds-computation#brain-disease-spread) Connectome-constrained whole-brain models Cells [Full entry in Minds, brains and artificial worlds ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/minds-computation#connectome-constrained-brain-models) Functional spiking brain models Cells [Full entry in Minds, brains and artificial worlds ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/minds-computation#functional-brain-models) Attractor memory networks Cells [Full entry in Minds, brains and artificial worlds ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/minds-computation#attractor-memory-networks) Connectome-based insect brain models Cells [Full entry in Minds, brains and artificial worlds ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/minds-computation#connectome-insect-brain) Random Boolean networks Rules [Full entry in Minds, brains and artificial worlds ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/minds-computation#random-boolean-networks) Artificial immune models Cells [Full entry in Minds, brains and artificial worlds ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/minds-computation#artificial-immune-systems) domain Mathematics and computation 5 Random graph experiments Rules [Full entry in Mathematics and computation ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/mathematics-computation#random-graph-experiments) Security protocol verification Rules [Full entry in Mathematics and computation ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/mathematics-computation#protocol-security-verification) Distributed systems and consensus simulation Rules [Full entry in Mathematics and computation ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/mathematics-computation#distributed-systems-simulation) Blockchain consensus simulation Populations [Full entry in Mathematics and computation ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/mathematics-computation#blockchain-consensus-simulation) Lightweight network emulation Rules [Full entry in Mathematics and computation ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/mathematics-computation#network-emulation-lightweight) domain Minds as simulators 3 Hippocampal replay in rats Cells [Full entry in Minds as simulators ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/mind-simulations#hippocampal-replay) Hippocampal preplay Cells [Full entry in Minds as simulators ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/mind-simulations#hippocampal-preplay) Mirror systems Cells [Full entry in Minds as simulators ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/mind-simulations#mirror-systems) domain Defence and conflict 3 Computer virus and malware epidemics Populations [Full entry in Defence and conflict ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/defence-conflict#malware-epidemic-models) Displacement and refugee flows Bodies [Full entry in Defence and conflict ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/defence-conflict#displacement) Sanctions and economic warfare modelling Populations [Full entry in Defence and conflict ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/defence-conflict#sanctions-economic-warfare) domain Video games 1 Hacking simulation Rules [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#hacking-sims) method Game theory 24 Players with strategies and payoffs, interacting repeatedly to determine which strategies persist. domain Ecology, evolution and animal behaviour 3 Evolution of behaviour Bodies [Full entry in Ecology, evolution and animal behaviour ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/ecology-behaviour#behaviour-evolution) Animal contest strategies Populations [Full entry in Ecology, evolution and animal behaviour ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/ecology-behaviour#animal-conflict-evolutionary-stable-strategies) Poaching and anti-poaching patrol games Rules [Full entry in Ecology, evolution and animal behaviour ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/ecology-behaviour#poaching-patrol-games) domain Human behaviour and society 9 Cooperation and norms Bodies [Full entry in Human behaviour and society ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/human-society#cooperation) Market and auction design Bodies [Full entry in Human behaviour and society ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/human-society#market-design) AI-designed economic policy simulation Rules [Full entry in Human behaviour and society ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/human-society#ai-economist) Electricity market agent-based models Populations [Full entry in Human behaviour and society ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/human-society#electricity-market-abm) Algorithmic pricing collusion Populations [Full entry in Human behaviour and society ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/human-society#algorithmic-pricing-collusion) Institutional corruption and integrity modelling Rules [Full entry in Human behaviour and society ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/human-society#institutional-corruption-modelling) Language-grounded negotiation agents Rules [Full entry in Human behaviour and society ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/human-society#llm-negotiation-diplomacy) Electoral and voting system simulation Rules [Full entry in Human behaviour and society ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/human-society#electoral-voting-simulation) Legislative bargaining and coalition simulation Rules [Full entry in Human behaviour and society ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/human-society#legislative-bargaining) domain Cities, infrastructure and operations 1 Agent-based electricity markets Populations [Full entry in Cities, infrastructure and operations ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/cities-operations#electricity-market-agent-models) domain Minds, brains and artificial worlds 2 Self-play strategy training Rules [Full entry in Minds, brains and artificial worlds ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/minds-computation#self-play-training) Simulated robot soccer Populations [Full entry in Minds, brains and artificial worlds ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/minds-computation#robocup-soccer-simulation) domain Training simulators 1 Negotiation and diplomacy training simulations Rules [Full entry in Training simulators ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/training#negotiation-diplomacy-simulations) domain Defence and conflict 4 Political–military crisis games Rules [Full entry in Defence and conflict ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/defence-conflict#crisis-games) Deterrence and arms races Populations [Full entry in Defence and conflict ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/defence-conflict#deterrence-models) Language-model wargame agents Rules [Full entry in Defence and conflict ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/defence-conflict#llm-wargame-agents) Autonomous cyber-defence gyms Rules [Full entry in Defence and conflict ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/defence-conflict#cyber-defence-gyms) domain Video games 4 Social deduction games Populations [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#social-deduction-games) Auto-battlers Populations [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#auto-battlers) Board and card game adaptations Rules [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#board-card-games) Programming battle games Rules [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#programming-battle-games) method Evolutionary 26 Variation, selection and inheritance implemented computationally, on genomes, programs or virtual bodies. domain Fundamental physics 1 Stellarator configuration optimisation Fields [Full entry in Fundamental physics ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/fundamental-physics#stellarator-optimisation) domain Life and medicine 2 Tumour microenvironment evolution Cells [Full entry in Life and medicine ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/life-medicine#tumour-microenvironment-evolution) Pathogen evolution Populations [Full entry in Life and medicine ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/life-medicine#pathogen-evolution) domain Ecology, evolution and animal behaviour 6 Evolution of behaviour Bodies [Full entry in Ecology, evolution and animal behaviour ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/ecology-behaviour#behaviour-evolution) Host-parasite coevolution Populations [Full entry in Ecology, evolution and animal behaviour ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/ecology-behaviour#host-parasite-coevolution) Sexual selection and mate choice evolution Populations [Full entry in Ecology, evolution and animal behaviour ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/ecology-behaviour#sexual-selection-evolution) Adaptive dynamics of coevolution Rules [Full entry in Ecology, evolution and animal behaviour ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/ecology-behaviour#adaptive-dynamics-coevolution) Forward-time genome simulation Populations [Full entry in Ecology, evolution and animal behaviour ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/ecology-behaviour#forward-genetic-simulation) Animal contest strategies Populations [Full entry in Ecology, evolution and animal behaviour ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/ecology-behaviour#animal-conflict-evolutionary-stable-strategies) domain Agriculture and food 3 Crop breeding simulation Populations [Full entry in Agriculture and food ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/agriculture-food#crop-breeding-simulation) Pesticide resistance management models Populations [Full entry in Agriculture and food ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/agriculture-food#pesticide-resistance-management) Livestock breeding and genetics Populations [Full entry in Agriculture and food ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/agriculture-food#animal-breeding-genetics) domain Human behaviour and society 2 Cultural evolution Populations [Full entry in Human behaviour and society ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/human-society#cultural-evolution) Electricity market agent-based models Populations [Full entry in Human behaviour and society ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/human-society#electricity-market-abm) domain Cities, infrastructure and operations 1 Agent-based electricity markets Populations [Full entry in Cities, infrastructure and operations ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/cities-operations#electricity-market-agent-models) domain Minds, brains and artificial worlds 8 Digital evolution Rules [Full entry in Minds, brains and artificial worlds ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/minds-computation#digital-evolution) Evolved virtual creatures Bodies [Full entry in Minds, brains and artificial worlds ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/minds-computation#virtual-creatures) Swarm intelligence algorithms Rules [Full entry in Minds, brains and artificial worlds ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/minds-computation#swarm-intelligence-algorithms) Self-replicating program soups Rules [Full entry in Minds, brains and artificial worlds ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/minds-computation#self-replicating-program-soups) Evolutionary robotics Bodies [Full entry in Minds, brains and artificial worlds ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/minds-computation#evolutionary-robotics) Artificial immune models Cells [Full entry in Minds, brains and artificial worlds ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/minds-computation#artificial-immune-systems) Core War battles Rules [Full entry in Minds, brains and artificial worlds ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/minds-computation#core-war) Open-ended environment generation Rules [Full entry in Minds, brains and artificial worlds ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/minds-computation#open-ended-environment-generation) domain Mathematics and computation 2 Learned algorithm and construction search Rules [Full entry in Mathematics and computation ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/mathematics-computation#learned-algorithm-discovery) Fuzz testing Rules [Full entry in Mathematics and computation ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/mathematics-computation#fuzz-testing) domain Video games 1 Ecosystem and evolution games Bodies [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#evolution-games) method Learned emulators 101 A neural network trained on data or on a slower simulation, substituting for the physics at a fraction of the cost. domain Fundamental physics 5 Generative calorimeter shower models Subatomic [Full entry in Fundamental physics ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/fundamental-physics#calorimeter-shower-generators) Flow-based sampling for lattice field theory Subatomic [Full entry in Fundamental physics ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/fundamental-physics#flow-based-lattice-sampling) Learned plasma control in simulation Fields [Full entry in Fundamental physics ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/fundamental-physics#reinforcement-learning-plasma-control) Neural-network quantum states Subatomic [Full entry in Fundamental physics ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/fundamental-physics#neural-network-quantum-states) Learned error-correction decoders Rules [Full entry in Fundamental physics ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/fundamental-physics#neural-error-correction-decoders) domain Astronomy and cosmology 3 Cosmological emulators Fields [Full entry in Astronomy and cosmology ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/astronomy-cosmology#cosmological-emulators) Differentiable cosmological simulation Fields [Full entry in Astronomy and cosmology ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/astronomy-cosmology#differentiable-cosmological-simulation) Neural inference for gravitational waves Fields [Full entry in Astronomy and cosmology ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/astronomy-cosmology#gravitational-wave-neural-inference) domain Earth and climate 5 Learned climate emulators Fields [Full entry in Earth and climate ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/earth-climate#learned-climate-emulators) Earth-system digital twins Fields [Full entry in Earth and climate ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/earth-climate#earth-system-digital-twins) Learned subgrid parameterisation Fields [Full entry in Earth and climate ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/earth-climate#learned-subgrid-parameterisation) Machine-learned weather Fields [Full entry in Earth and climate ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/earth-climate#learned-weather) Generative ensemble weather forecasting Fields [Full entry in Earth and climate ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/earth-climate#generative-ensemble-weather) domain Chemistry and materials 7 Computational materials screening Atoms [Full entry in Chemistry and materials ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/chemistry-materials#materials-screening) Machine-learned interatomic potentials Atoms [Full entry in 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▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/chemistry-materials#generative-crystal-models) domain Life and medicine 6 Learned protein structure prediction Molecules [Full entry in Life and medicine ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/life-medicine#learned-structure-prediction) Generative protein ensembles Molecules [Full entry in Life and medicine ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/life-medicine#generative-protein-ensembles) Cell perturbation-response models Cells [Full entry in Life and medicine ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/life-medicine#perturbation-response-models) Cardiac digital twins Bodies [Full entry in Life and medicine ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/life-medicine#cardiac-digital-twins) Neural predictive models of sensory brain areas Cells [Full entry in Life and medicine ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/life-medicine#neural-predictive-digital-twins) Predictive toxicology Molecules [Full entry in Life and medicine ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/life-medicine#toxicology-simulation) domain Ecology, evolution and animal behaviour 1 Birdsong and vocal learning models Rules [Full entry in Ecology, evolution and animal behaviour ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/ecology-behaviour#birdsong-learning) domain Human behaviour and society 12 Language-model survey respondents Rules [Full entry in Human behaviour and society ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/human-society#llm-survey-respondents) Language-model behavioural experiments Rules [Full entry in Human behaviour and society ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/human-society#llm-behavioural-experiments) Language-model agent societies Rules [Full entry in Human behaviour and society ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/human-society#llm-generative-agent-societies) Populated social-system prototypes Rules [Full entry in Human behaviour and society ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/human-society#social-computing-prototype-populations) Language-model social platform simulation Rules [Full entry in Human behaviour and society ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/human-society#llm-social-platform-simulation) Language-model user simulation for recommenders Rules [Full entry in Human behaviour and society ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/human-society#llm-recommender-user-simulation) AI-designed economic policy simulation Rules [Full entry in Human behaviour and society ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/human-society#ai-economist) Algorithmic pricing collusion Populations [Full entry in Human behaviour and society ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/human-society#algorithmic-pricing-collusion) Language-model macroeconomic agents Populations [Full entry in Human behaviour and society 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simulators Fields [Full entry in Engineering and technology ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/engineering#learned-mesh-particle-simulators) Learned fluid solvers Fields [Full entry in Engineering and technology ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/engineering#learned-fluid-solvers) Network digital twins Rules [Full entry in Engineering and technology ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/engineering#network-digital-twins) Robot simulation Bodies [Full entry in Engineering and technology ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/engineering#robot-simulation) Digital twins Bodies [Full entry in Engineering and technology ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/engineering#digital-twins) GPU-parallel robot learning environments Bodies [Full entry in Engineering and technology ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/engineering#gpu-parallel-robot-learning) Domain-randomised sim-to-real training Bodies [Full entry in Engineering and technology ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/engineering#domain-randomised-sim-to-real) Differentiable physics simulation Bodies [Full entry in Engineering and technology ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/engineering#differentiable-physics) Adversarial driving-scenario generation Bodies [Full entry in Engineering and technology ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/engineering#adversarial-driving-scenarios) Learned legged locomotion Bodies [Full entry in Engineering and technology ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/engineering#legged-locomotion-learning) Learned humanoid locomotion Bodies [Full entry in Engineering and technology ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/engineering#humanoid-locomotion-learning) Learned drone racing Bodies [Full entry in Engineering and technology ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/engineering#learned-drone-racing) Tactile sensor simulation Bodies [Full entry in Engineering and technology ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/engineering#tactile-sensor-simulation) domain Minds, brains and artificial worlds 14 Neural cellular automata Rules [Full entry in Minds, brains and artificial worlds ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/minds-computation#neural-cellular-automata) Reinforcement learning environments Bodies [Full entry in Minds, brains and artificial worlds ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/minds-computation#learning-environments) Multi-agent AI societies Bodies [Full entry in Minds, brains and artificial worlds ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/minds-computation#multi-agent-ai) Learned world models Fields [Full entry in Minds, brains and artificial worlds ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/minds-computation#learned-world-models) Self-play strategy training Rules [Full entry in Minds, brains and artificial worlds ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/minds-computation#self-play-training) AI safety red-teaming environments Rules [Full entry in Minds, brains and artificial worlds ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/minds-computation#ai-redteam-environments) Open-ended environment generation Rules [Full entry in Minds, brains and artificial worlds ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/minds-computation#open-ended-environment-generation) Simulated web environments for agents Rules [Full entry in Minds, brains and artificial worlds ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/minds-computation#simulated-web-environments) Neural game engines Rules [Full entry in Minds, brains and artificial worlds ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/minds-computation#neural-game-engines) Interactive generative worlds Rules [Full entry in Minds, brains and artificial worlds ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/minds-computation#interactive-generative-worlds) Learned real-world interactive simulators Rules [Full entry in Minds, brains and artificial worlds ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/minds-computation#real-world-interactive-simulators) Generative driving world models Rules [Full entry in Minds, brains and artificial worlds ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/minds-computation#driving-world-models) Software engineering agent sandboxes Rules [Full entry in Minds, brains and artificial worlds ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/minds-computation#software-engineering-agent-sandboxes) Desktop computer agent environments Rules [Full entry in Minds, brains and artificial worlds ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/minds-computation#desktop-computer-agent-environments) domain Mathematics and computation 3 AI-guided conjecture discovery Rules [Full entry in Mathematics and computation ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/mathematics-computation#ai-guided-conjecture-discovery) Learned algorithm and construction search Rules [Full entry in Mathematics and computation ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/mathematics-computation#learned-algorithm-discovery) Language-model program execution Rules [Full entry in Mathematics and computation ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/mathematics-computation#llm-program-execution) domain Minds as simulators 21 REM dreaming Rules [Full entry in Minds as simulators ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/mind-simulations#rem-dreaming) Lucid dreaming Rules [Full entry in Minds as simulators ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/mind-simulations#lucid-dreaming) Threat-simulation theory of dreams Rules [Full entry in Minds as simulators ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/mind-simulations#threat-simulation-theory) Sleep-dependent memory consolidation Rules [Full entry in Minds as simulators ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/mind-simulations#memory-consolidation-sleep) Hypnagogic imagery Rules [Full entry in Minds as simulators ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/mind-simulations#hypnagogic-imagery) Mental rehearsal in athletes Bodies [Full entry in Minds as simulators ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/mind-simulations#mental-rehearsal-athletes) Episodic future thinking Rules [Full entry in Minds as simulators ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/mind-simulations#episodic-future-thinking) Counterfactual thinking Rules [Full entry in Minds as simulators ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/mind-simulations#counterfactual-thinking) Mental rotation Rules [Full entry in Minds as simulators ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/mind-simulations#mental-rotation) Mental navigation Rules [Full entry in Minds as simulators ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/mind-simulations#mental-navigation) Mind-wandering and daydreaming Rules [Full entry in Minds as simulators ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/mind-simulations#mind-wandering) Theory of mind Rules [Full entry in Minds as simulators ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/mind-simulations#theory-of-mind) Empathy as simulation theory Bodies [Full entry in Minds as simulators ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/mind-simulations#empathy-simulation-theory) Audience design Rules [Full entry in Minds as simulators ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/mind-simulations#audience-design) Visual perspective-taking Rules [Full entry in Minds as simulators ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/mind-simulations#perspective-taking) Joint attention Rules [Full entry in Minds as simulators ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/mind-simulations#joint-attention) Predictive processing Rules [Full entry in Minds as simulators ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/mind-simulations#predictive-processing) The body schema Bodies [Full entry in Minds as simulators ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/mind-simulations#body-schema) Hallucination as uncontrolled prediction Rules [Full entry in Minds as simulators ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/mind-simulations#hallucination-uncontrolled-prediction) Blind-spot filling-in Rules [Full entry in Minds as simulators ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/mind-simulations#blind-spot-filling-in) Interoception Bodies [Full entry in Minds as simulators ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/mind-simulations#interoception) domain Training simulators 3 Agent hospitals Rules [Full entry in Training simulators ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/training#agent-hospital-simulation) Language-model simulated students Rules [Full entry in Training simulators ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/training#llm-simulated-students) Language-model conflict rehearsal Rules [Full entry in Training simulators ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/training#llm-conflict-rehearsal) domain Defence and conflict 1 Language-model wargame agents Rules [Full entry in Defence and conflict ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/defence-conflict#llm-wargame-agents) domain Film, media and art 4 Neural avatars Bodies [Full entry in Film, media and art ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/media-art#neural-avatars) Digital de-ageing Bodies [Full entry in Film, media and art ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/media-art#facial-de-ageing) Physics-based character control Bodies [Full entry in Film, media and art ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/media-art#physics-based-character-control) Neural scene rendering Fields [Full entry in Film, media and art ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/media-art#neural-scene-rendering) domain Video games 1 Agent-based game playtesting Rules [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#agent-playtesting) method Real time 122 Fast enough to keep pace with a wall clock, usually because a person or a machine is in the loop and responding. domain Fundamental physics 2 Tokamak whole-device modelling Fields [Full entry in Fundamental physics ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/fundamental-physics#tokamak-whole-device-modelling) Learned plasma control in simulation Fields [Full entry in Fundamental physics ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/fundamental-physics#reinforcement-learning-plasma-control) domain Earth and climate 1 Earth-system digital twins Fields [Full entry in Earth and climate ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/earth-climate#earth-system-digital-twins) domain Engineering and technology 13 Co-simulation of linked models Rules [Full entry in Engineering and technology ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/engineering#co-simulation-model-exchange) Robot simulation Bodies [Full entry in Engineering and technology ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/engineering#robot-simulation) Autonomous vehicle testing Bodies [Full entry in Engineering and technology ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/engineering#autonomous-vehicles) Planetary rover mobility Bodies [Full entry in Engineering and technology ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/engineering#rover-mobility) Exoskeleton and prosthetic control Bodies [Full entry in Engineering and technology ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/engineering#exoskeleton-simulation) GPU-parallel robot learning environments Bodies [Full entry in Engineering and technology ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/engineering#gpu-parallel-robot-learning) Open driving simulators with sensor models Bodies [Full entry in Engineering and technology ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/engineering#open-driving-simulators) Learned legged locomotion Bodies [Full entry in Engineering and technology ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/engineering#legged-locomotion-learning) Learned humanoid locomotion Bodies [Full entry in Engineering and technology ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/engineering#humanoid-locomotion-learning) Drone flight simulation Bodies [Full entry in Engineering and technology ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/engineering#drone-flight-simulation) Learned drone racing Bodies [Full entry in Engineering and technology ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/engineering#learned-drone-racing) Soft robot simulation Bodies [Full entry in Engineering and technology ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/engineering#soft-robot-finite-element) Tactile sensor simulation Bodies [Full entry in Engineering and technology ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/engineering#tactile-sensor-simulation) domain Minds, brains and artificial worlds 11 Simulated small organisms Cells [Full entry in Minds, brains and artificial worlds ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/minds-computation#simulated-organisms) Neuromorphic hardware simulation Cells [Full entry in Minds, brains and artificial worlds ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/minds-computation#neuromorphic-simulation) Evolved virtual creatures Bodies [Full entry in Minds, brains and artificial worlds ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/minds-computation#virtual-creatures) Evolutionary robotics Bodies [Full entry in Minds, brains and artificial worlds ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/minds-computation#evolutionary-robotics) Reinforcement learning environments Bodies [Full entry in Minds, brains and artificial worlds ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/minds-computation#learning-environments) Synthetic training data Bodies [Full entry in Minds, brains and artificial worlds ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/minds-computation#synthetic-data) Embodied household simulators Bodies [Full entry in Minds, brains and artificial worlds ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/minds-computation#embodied-household-simulators) Neural game engines Rules [Full entry in Minds, brains and artificial worlds ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/minds-computation#neural-game-engines) Simulated robot soccer Populations [Full entry in Minds, brains and artificial worlds ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/minds-computation#robocup-soccer-simulation) Software engineering agent sandboxes Rules [Full entry in Minds, brains and artificial worlds ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/minds-computation#software-engineering-agent-sandboxes) Desktop computer agent environments Rules [Full entry in Minds, brains and artificial worlds ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/minds-computation#desktop-computer-agent-environments) domain Mathematics and computation 3 FPGA-accelerated system simulation Rules [Full entry in Mathematics and computation ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/mathematics-computation#fpga-accelerated-system-simulation) Full-system simulation Rules [Full entry in Mathematics and computation ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/mathematics-computation#full-system-simulation) Lightweight network emulation Rules [Full entry in Mathematics and computation ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/mathematics-computation#network-emulation-lightweight) domain Minds as simulators 1 The intuitive physics engine Bodies [Full entry in Minds as simulators ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/mind-simulations#intuitive-physics-engine) domain Training simulators 20 Full-flight simulators Bodies [Full entry in Training simulators ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/training#flight-simulators) Driving and rail simulators Bodies [Full entry in Training simulators ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/training#driving-simulators) Ship bridge simulators Bodies [Full entry in Training simulators ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/training#ship-bridge) Spaceflight and mission control Bodies [Full entry in Training simulators ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/training#spaceflight-training) Heavy equipment simulators Bodies [Full entry in Training simulators ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/training#heavy-equipment-simulators) Diving and submersible simulators Bodies [Full entry in Training simulators ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/training#diving-simulators) Surgical simulators Fields [Full entry in Training simulators ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/training#surgical-simulators) Dental simulators Fields [Full entry in Training simulators ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/training#dental-simulators) Anaesthesia simulators Bodies [Full entry in Training simulators ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/training#anaesthesia-simulators) Virtual human patients Bodies [Full entry in Training simulators ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/training#virtual-human-patients) Catheter and endovascular simulators Bodies [Full entry in Training simulators ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/training#interventional-catheter-simulators) Ultrasound training simulators Bodies [Full entry in Training simulators ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/training#ultrasound-training-simulators) Robotic surgery simulators Bodies [Full entry in Training simulators ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/training#robotic-surgery-simulators) Eye surgery simulators Bodies [Full entry in Training simulators ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/training#ophthalmic-surgery-simulators) Endoscopy simulators Bodies [Full entry in Training simulators ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/training#endoscopy-simulators) Language-model simulated students Rules [Full entry in Training simulators ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/training#llm-simulated-students) Control-room simulators Populations [Full entry in Training simulators ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/training#control-rooms) Air traffic control simulators Bodies [Full entry in Training simulators ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/training#air-traffic-control-simulators) Emergency incident command simulators Bodies [Full entry in Training simulators ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/training#incident-command-simulators) Mass-casualty exercises Populations [Full entry in Training simulators ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/training#mass-casualty-exercises) domain Before computers 5 Dress rehearsal Bodies [Full entry in Before computers ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/before-computers#dress-rehearsal) Fire and evacuation drills Bodies [Full entry in Before computers ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/before-computers#fire-drills) Mock trial Rules [Full entry in Before computers ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/before-computers#mock-trial) Military field exercises Bodies [Full entry in Before computers ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/before-computers#field-exercises) Motion platforms Bodies [Full entry in Before computers ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/before-computers#motion-platforms) domain Defence and conflict 4 Military flight and mission simulators Bodies [Full entry in Defence and conflict ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/defence-conflict#combat-flight-trainers) Vehicle and crew trainers Bodies [Full entry in Defence and conflict ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/defence-conflict#crew-trainers) Networked training exercises Bodies [Full entry in Defence and conflict ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/defence-conflict#networked-exercises) Marksmanship and use-of-force trainers Bodies [Full entry in Defence and conflict ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/defence-conflict#use-of-force-trainers) domain Film, media and art 10 Position-based dynamics Bodies [Full entry in Film, media and art ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/media-art#position-based-dynamics) Virtual production sets Fields [Full entry in Film, media and art ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/media-art#virtual-production-sets) Virtual idols and influencers Bodies [Full entry in Film, media and art 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Rules [Full entry in Film, media and art ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/media-art#live-coding-performance) domain Video games 52 Flight simulation Bodies [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#flight-sim-games) Spaceflight simulation Bodies [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#space-flight-games) Racing simulation Bodies [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#racing-sim) Arcade racing Bodies [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#arcade-racing) Driving and transport simulation Bodies [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#driving-job-sims) Naval and submarine simulation Bodies [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#naval-sims) Job and machinery simulation Bodies [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#job-sims) Open-city driving Fields [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#open-city-driving) Flight simulation over streamed Earth Fields [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#streamed-earth-flight) Soft-body vehicle crash simulation Bodies [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#soft-body-vehicle-crash) Mech combat simulation Bodies [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#mech-sims) Surgery and medical games Bodies [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#surgery-games) Station systems simulation Fields [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#station-systems-sim) Real-time strategy Bodies [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#real-time-strategy) Survival and crafting Bodies [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#survival-crafting) Physics sandboxes and building Bodies [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#physics-sandbox) Space exploration and trading Bodies [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#space-trading) User-generated game platforms Populations [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#user-generated-game-platforms) Massively multiplayer worlds Bodies [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#mmo) Immersive simulation Bodies [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#immersive-sim) Open-world adventure Bodies [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#open-world) Exploration and walking Bodies [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#exploration) Platformers Bodies [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#platformers) Action adventure Bodies [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#action-adventure) Shooters Bodies [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#shooters) Fighting games Bodies [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#fighting) Tactical military simulation Bodies [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#military-sims) Stealth Bodies [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#stealth) Team arena games Bodies [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#arena-games) Rhythm games Rules [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#rhythm) Battle royale Bodies [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#battle-royale) Extraction shooters Bodies [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#extraction-shooters) Sports simulation Bodies [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#sports-sims) Fitness and motion games Bodies [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#fitness-games) Extreme and action sports Bodies [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#extreme-sports-sims) Golf simulation Bodies [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#golf-sims) Combat sports simulation Bodies [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#combat-sports-sims) Racket and ball sports Bodies [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#racket-ball-sports) Fishing simulation Bodies [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#fishing-sims) Hunting simulation Bodies [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#hunting-sims) Physics puzzles Bodies [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#physics-puzzles) Hacking simulation Rules [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#hacking-sims) Virtual reality Bodies [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#vr) Augmented and location-based Bodies [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#augmented-reality) Motion-controller games Bodies [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#motion-controller-games) Haptic and force-feedback games Bodies [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#haptic-feedback-games) Location-based and arcade VR Bodies [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#large-scale-vr) Cockpit and rig simulation Bodies [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#cockpit-sim-rigs) Biometric-adaptive games Bodies [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#biometric-adaptive-games) Virtual reality social worlds Bodies [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#vr-social-worlds) Augmented reality pets Bodies [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#ar-virtual-pets) Cloud-streamed games Rules [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#cloud-streamed-games) method Rules and states 150 A system defined by discrete rules: logic gates, game rules, symbols, turns. Nothing is continuous unless the rules specify it. domain Fundamental physics 3 Quantum computer emulation Subatomic [Full entry in Fundamental physics ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/fundamental-physics#quantum-circuit-emulation) Quantum error correction Subatomic [Full entry in Fundamental physics ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/fundamental-physics#quantum-error-correction) Stabilizer circuit simulation Rules [Full entry in Fundamental physics ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/fundamental-physics#stabilizer-circuit-simulation) domain Astronomy and cosmology 3 Stellar population synthesis Rules [Full entry in Astronomy and cosmology ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/astronomy-cosmology#stellar-population-synthesis) Semi-analytic galaxy formation Fields [Full entry in Astronomy and cosmology ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/astronomy-cosmology#semi-analytic-galaxy-formation) Binary population synthesis Fields [Full entry in Astronomy and cosmology ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/astronomy-cosmology#binary-population-synthesis) domain Earth and climate 1 Dynamic global vegetation and carbon-cycle modelling Fields [Full entry in Earth and climate ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/earth-climate#dynamic-vegetation-carbon-cycle) domain Chemistry and materials 1 Automated reaction-mechanism generation Molecules [Full entry in Chemistry and materials ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/chemistry-materials#mechanism-generation) domain Life and medicine 1 Synthetic patient record generation Populations [Full entry in Life and medicine ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/life-medicine#synthetic-patient-records) domain Ecology, evolution and animal behaviour 1 Pollination service across landscapes Fields [Full entry in Ecology, evolution and animal behaviour ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/ecology-behaviour#pollination-service-landscape) domain Agriculture and food 4 Agrivoltaic light-sharing models Fields [Full entry in Agriculture and food ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/agriculture-food#agrivoltaic-light-sharing) Plant architecture growth models Bodies [Full entry in Agriculture and food ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/agriculture-food#plant-architecture-growth) Degree-day pest phenology models Populations [Full entry in Agriculture and food ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/agriculture-food#degree-day-pest-phenology) Land-use change agent models Populations [Full entry in Agriculture and food ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/agriculture-food#land-use-change-agent-models) domain Human behaviour and society 4 Cognitive architectures Rules [Full entry in Human behaviour and society ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/human-society#cognitive-architectures) Social cognition and theory-of-mind models Rules [Full entry in Human behaviour and society ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/human-society#social-cognition-models) Emotion and affect modelling Rules [Full entry in Human behaviour and society ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/human-society#emotion-affect-modelling) Tax and benefit microsimulation Bodies [Full entry in Human behaviour and society ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/human-society#policy-microsimulation) domain Engineering and technology 3 Chip logic simulation Rules [Full entry in Engineering and technology ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/engineering#logic-simulation) Emulation and virtual machines Rules [Full entry in Engineering and technology ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/engineering#emulation) Open driving simulators with sensor models Bodies [Full entry in Engineering and technology ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/engineering#open-driving-simulators) domain Minds, brains and artificial worlds 6 Artificial chemistry Molecules [Full entry in Minds, brains and artificial worlds ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/minds-computation#artificial-chemistry) Core War battles Rules [Full entry in Minds, brains and artificial worlds ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/minds-computation#core-war) Embodied household simulators Bodies [Full entry in Minds, brains and artificial worlds ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/minds-computation#embodied-household-simulators) Simulated web environments for agents Rules [Full entry in Minds, brains and artificial worlds ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/minds-computation#simulated-web-environments) Software engineering agent sandboxes Rules [Full entry in Minds, brains and artificial worlds ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/minds-computation#software-engineering-agent-sandboxes) Desktop computer agent environments Rules [Full entry in Minds, brains and artificial worlds ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/minds-computation#desktop-computer-agent-environments) domain Mathematics and computation 19 Experimental mathematics searches Rules [Full entry in Mathematics and computation ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/mathematics-computation#experimental-mathematics-search) Computational number theory searches Rules [Full entry in Mathematics and computation ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/mathematics-computation#computational-number-theory) Model checking Rules [Full entry in Mathematics and computation ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/mathematics-computation#model-checking) Automated theorem proving search Rules [Full entry in Mathematics and computation ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/mathematics-computation#automated-theorem-proving) SAT and constraint solving Rules [Full entry in Mathematics and computation ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/mathematics-computation#sat-constraint-solving) Cryptographic attack modelling Rules [Full entry in Mathematics and computation ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/mathematics-computation#cryptographic-attack-modelling) Security protocol verification Rules [Full entry in Mathematics and computation ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/mathematics-computation#protocol-security-verification) Computer-assisted proof by exhaustive case checking Rules [Full entry in Mathematics and computation ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/mathematics-computation#computer-assisted-proof-enumeration) Turing-machine enumeration Rules [Full entry in Mathematics and computation ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/mathematics-computation#turing-machine-enumeration) Symbolic execution Rules [Full entry in Mathematics and computation ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/mathematics-computation#symbolic-execution) Abstract interpretation Rules [Full entry in Mathematics and computation ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/mathematics-computation#abstract-interpretation) Bounded model checking Rules [Full entry in Mathematics and computation ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/mathematics-computation#bounded-model-checking) Property-based random testing Rules [Full entry in Mathematics and computation ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/mathematics-computation#property-based-testing) Neural network verification Rules [Full entry in Mathematics and computation ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/mathematics-computation#neural-network-verification) Computer architecture simulation Rules [Full entry in Mathematics and computation ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/mathematics-computation#computer-architecture-simulation) Compiler and program optimisation search Rules [Full entry in Mathematics and computation ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/mathematics-computation#compiler-optimization-search) Graphics processor architecture simulation Rules [Full entry in Mathematics and computation ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/mathematics-computation#gpu-architecture-simulation) FPGA-accelerated system simulation Rules [Full entry in Mathematics and computation ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/mathematics-computation#fpga-accelerated-system-simulation) Full-system simulation Rules [Full entry in Mathematics and computation ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/mathematics-computation#full-system-simulation) domain Minds as simulators 19 Constructive episodic simulation Bodies [Full entry in Minds as simulators ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/mind-simulations#constructive-episodic-simulation) Motor imagery Bodies [Full entry in Minds as simulators ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/mind-simulations#motor-imagery) Visual mental imagery Bodies [Full entry in Minds as simulators ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/mind-simulations#visual-mental-imagery) Affective forecasting Bodies [Full entry in Minds as simulators ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/mind-simulations#affective-forecasting) Mental models of reasoning Bodies [Full entry in Minds as simulators ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/mind-simulations#mental-models) Vicarious trial and error Bodies [Full entry in Minds as simulators ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/mind-simulations#vicarious-trial-and-error) Future planning in animals Bodies [Full entry in Minds as simulators ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/mind-simulations#animal-future-planning) Fiction as social simulation Bodies [Full entry in Minds as simulators ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/mind-simulations#fiction-as-social-simulation) Children's pretend play Rules [Full entry in Minds as simulators ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/mind-simulations#pretend-play-children) Animal play as practice Bodies [Full entry in Minds as simulators ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/mind-simulations#animal-play-practice) Imaginary companions Rules [Full entry in Minds as simulators ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/mind-simulations#imaginary-companions) Sociodramatic play Rules [Full entry in Minds as simulators ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/mind-simulations#sociodramatic-play) Paracosms Rules [Full entry in Minds as simulators ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/mind-simulations#paracosms) Object play in primates Bodies [Full entry in Minds as simulators ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/mind-simulations#primate-object-play) Thought as simulated action Bodies [Full entry in Minds as simulators ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/mind-simulations#simulation-hypothesis-of-thought) Grounded cognition Bodies [Full entry in Minds as simulators ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/mind-simulations#grounded-cognition) The phenomenal self-model Bodies [Full entry in Minds as simulators ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/mind-simulations#phenomenal-self-model) Body ownership illusions Bodies [Full entry in Minds as simulators ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/mind-simulations#body-ownership-illusions) Embodied language simulation Bodies [Full entry in Minds as simulators ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/mind-simulations#embodied-language-simulation) domain Training simulators 13 Spaceflight and mission control Bodies [Full entry in Training simulators ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/training#spaceflight-training) Paramedic and mass-casualty triage training Bodies [Full entry in Training simulators ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/training#paramedic-triage-training) Virtual human patients Bodies [Full entry in Training simulators ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/training#virtual-human-patients) Structured clinical examinations Rules [Full entry in Training simulators ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/training#clinical-examination-standardised-patients) Ultrasound training simulators Bodies [Full entry in Training simulators ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/training#ultrasound-training-simulators) Robotic surgery simulators Bodies [Full entry in Training simulators ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/training#robotic-surgery-simulators) Eye surgery simulators Bodies [Full entry in Training simulators ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/training#ophthalmic-surgery-simulators) Endoscopy simulators Bodies [Full entry in Training simulators ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/training#endoscopy-simulators) Emergency exercises Rules [Full entry in Training simulators ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/training#tabletop-exercises) Business simulations Populations [Full entry in Training simulators ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/training#business-games) Negotiation and diplomacy training simulations Rules [Full entry in Training simulators ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/training#negotiation-diplomacy-simulations) Emergency incident command simulators Bodies [Full entry in Training simulators ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/training#incident-command-simulators) Mass-casualty exercises Populations [Full entry in Training simulators ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/training#mass-casualty-exercises) domain Before computers 3 Cybernetic tortoises Bodies [Full entry in Before computers ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/before-computers#cybernetic-tortoises) Mock trial Rules [Full entry in Before computers ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/before-computers#mock-trial) Automata Bodies [Full entry in Before computers ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/before-computers#automata) domain Defence and conflict 5 Professional war games Rules [Full entry in Defence and conflict ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/defence-conflict#professional-wargames) Political–military crisis games Rules [Full entry in Defence and conflict ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/defence-conflict#crisis-games) Historical war games Bodies [Full entry in Defence and conflict ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/defence-conflict#historical-wargames) Marksmanship and use-of-force trainers Bodies [Full entry in Defence and conflict ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/defence-conflict#use-of-force-trainers) Cyber ranges Rules [Full entry in Defence and conflict ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/defence-conflict#cyber-ranges) domain Film, media and art 12 Procedural cities and landscapes Rules [Full entry in Film, media and art ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/media-art#procedural-cities-landscapes) Digital ecosystems and vegetation Bodies [Full entry in Film, media and art ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/media-art#crowd-vegetation-ecosystems) Atmospheric and sky simulation Fields [Full entry in Film, media and art ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/media-art#atmosphere-sky-simulation) Virtual idols and influencers Bodies [Full entry in Film, media and art ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/media-art#virtual-idols) Performance-captured digital characters Bodies [Full entry in Film, media and art ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/media-art#performance-capture-characters) L-system plant modelling Cells [Full entry in Film, media and art ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/media-art#l-system-plants) Machinima Rules [Full entry in Film, media and art ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/media-art#machinima) Animatronic figures Bodies [Full entry in Film, media and art ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/media-art#animatronics) Generative art systems Rules [Full entry in Film, media and art ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/media-art#generative-art-systems) Procedural and generative music Rules [Full entry in Film, media and art ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/media-art#procedural-music-composition) Procedural texture and material generation Rules [Full entry in Film, media and art ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/media-art#procedural-texture-material-generation) Live-coded music and visuals Rules [Full entry in Film, media and art ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/media-art#live-coding-performance) domain Video games 52 Driving and transport simulation Bodies [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#driving-job-sims) Job and machinery simulation Bodies [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#job-sims) Open-city driving Fields [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#open-city-driving) Mech combat simulation Bodies [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#mech-sims) Life simulation Bodies [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#life-sims) Virtual pets Bodies [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#virtual-pets) Farming and village life Bodies [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#farming-life) Relationship simulation Rules [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#relationship-sims) Social hangout worlds Bodies [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#social-simulation-avatars) Dating simulation Rules [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#dating-sims) Parenting and family life Bodies [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#parenting-sims) Surgery and medical games Bodies [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#surgery-games) Colony simulation Bodies [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#colony-sims) God games Bodies [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#god-games) Automation and factory building Bodies [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#automation-games) Social deduction games Populations [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#social-deduction-games) Station systems simulation Fields [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#station-systems-sim) Grand strategy Populations [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#grand-strategy) 4X strategy Populations [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#four-x) Hex-and-counter war games Populations [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#board-wargames) Tactics Bodies [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#tactics) Tower defence Bodies [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#tower-defence) Auto-battlers Populations [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#auto-battlers) Block and voxel sandboxes Bodies [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#voxel-sandbox) Survival and crafting Bodies [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#survival-crafting) Level and world creation tools Rules [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#sandbox-creation-tools) User-generated game platforms Populations [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#user-generated-game-platforms) Role-playing games Bodies [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#rpg) Immersive simulation Bodies [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#immersive-sim) Roguelikes Rules [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#roguelikes) Interactive fiction Rules [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#interactive-fiction) Visual novels and narrative games Rules [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#visual-novels) Adventure and point-and-click Rules [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#puzzle-adventure) Alternate reality games Populations [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#alternate-reality-games) Action adventure Bodies [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#action-adventure) Fighting games Bodies [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#fighting) Team arena games Bodies [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#arena-games) Extraction shooters Bodies [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#extraction-shooters) Combat sports simulation Bodies [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#combat-sports-sims) Fishing simulation Bodies [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#fishing-sims) Hunting simulation Bodies [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#hunting-sims) Logic and falling-block puzzles Rules [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#logic-puzzles) Board and card game adaptations Rules [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#board-card-games) Word and letter puzzles Rules [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#word-puzzles) Match-three and tile-swap puzzles Rules [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#match-three) Hidden-object and spot-the-difference Rules [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#hidden-object) Number and grid logic puzzles Rules [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#number-logic-puzzles) Escape-room puzzles Rules [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#escape-room-games) Programming battle games Rules [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#programming-battle-games) Hacking simulation Rules [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#hacking-sims) Biometric-adaptive games Bodies [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#biometric-adaptive-games) Augmented reality pets Bodies [Full entry in Video games ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/video-games#ar-virtual-pets) method Physical analogue 45 One physical system standing in for another: a scale model in a wind tunnel, cold atoms emulating electrons, a manikin with a pulse. domain Fundamental physics 1 Analogue quantum simulation Atoms [Full entry in Fundamental physics ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/fundamental-physics#analogue-quantum) domain Engineering and technology 1 Physical scale models Fields [Full entry in Engineering and technology ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/engineering#scale-models) domain Minds as simulators 2 Mental models of reasoning Bodies [Full entry in Minds as simulators ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/mind-simulations#mental-models) Thought as simulated action Bodies [Full entry in Minds as simulators ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/mind-simulations#simulation-hypothesis-of-thought) domain Training simulators 2 Patient simulators Bodies [Full entry in Training simulators ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/training#patient-simulators) Childbirth simulators Bodies [Full entry in Training simulators ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/training#obstetric-simulators) domain Before computers 37 Orrery Bodies [Full entry in Before computers ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/before-computers#orrery) Astrolabe Bodies [Full entry in Before computers ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/before-computers#astrolabe) The Antikythera mechanism Bodies [Full entry in Before computers ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/before-computers#antikythera-mechanism) Optical planetarium Bodies [Full entry in Before computers ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/before-computers#planetarium) Armillary sphere Bodies [Full entry in Before computers ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/before-computers#armillary-sphere) Equatorium Bodies [Full entry in Before computers ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/before-computers#equatorium) Terrestrial globe Fields [Full entry in Before computers ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/before-computers#terrestrial-globe) Astronomical clock Fields [Full entry in Before computers ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/before-computers#astronomical-clock) Ship-model towing tank Fields [Full entry in Before computers ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/before-computers#towing-tank) Physical river basin model Fields [Full entry in Before computers ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/before-computers#river-basin-model) Harbour and estuary model Fields [Full entry in Before computers ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/before-computers#harbour-model) Dam and spillway model Fields [Full entry in Before computers ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/before-computers#spillway-model) Structural scale model Bodies [Full entry in Before computers ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/before-computers#structural-scale-model) Architectural acoustic scale model Fields [Full entry in Before computers ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/before-computers#acoustic-scale-model) Hele-Shaw cell Fields [Full entry in Before computers ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/before-computers#hele-shaw-cell) Hanging-chain arch model Fields [Full entry in Before computers ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/before-computers#hanging-chain-model) Soap film minimal-surface models Fields [Full entry in Before computers ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/before-computers#soap-film-models) Mechanical differential analyser Populations [Full entry in Before computers ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/before-computers#differential-analyser) Tide-predicting machine Populations [Full entry in Before computers ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/before-computers#tide-predicting-machine) Hydraulic economy model Populations [Full entry in Before computers ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/before-computers#hydraulic-economy-model) Electrical network analyser Populations [Full entry in Before computers ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/before-computers#electrical-network-analyser) Mechanical harmonic analyser Populations [Full entry in Before computers ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/before-computers#harmonic-analyser) Analogue fire-control computer Bodies [Full entry in Before computers ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/before-computers#analogue-fire-control-computer) Galton board Rules [Full entry in Before computers ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/before-computers#galton-board) Buffon's needle Rules [Full entry in Before computers ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/before-computers#buffon-needle) Iron wire nerve model Cells [Full entry in Before computers ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/before-computers#iron-wire-nerve-model) Cybernetic tortoises Bodies [Full entry in Before computers ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/before-computers#cybernetic-tortoises) Sand table Bodies [Full entry in Before computers ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/before-computers#sand-table) Staff ride Bodies [Full entry in Before computers ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/before-computers#staff-ride) Anatomical models Bodies [Full entry in Before computers ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/before-computers#anatomical-models) Obstetric phantom Bodies [Full entry in Before computers ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/before-computers#obstetric-phantom) Early resuscitation manikins Bodies [Full entry in Before computers ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/before-computers#resuscitation-manikins) Crash-test dummies Bodies [Full entry in Before computers ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/before-computers#crash-test-dummies) Moulage Bodies [Full entry in Before computers ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/before-computers#moulage) Ballistic gelatin blocks Bodies [Full entry in Before computers ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/before-computers#ballistic-gelatin) Automata Bodies [Full entry in Before computers ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/before-computers#automata) Motion platforms Bodies [Full entry in Before computers ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/before-computers#motion-platforms) domain Defence and conflict 1 Combat medic trainers Bodies [Full entry in Defence and conflict ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/defence-conflict#combat-medic-trainers) domain Film, media and art 1 Animatronic figures Bodies [Full entry in Film, media and art ▸](https://simulation-hypothesis.com/simulations/media-art#animatronics)