Simulation Hypothesis

Entities › Animals and other organisms › Mammals

Mouse

Mus musculus

About 71 million neurons. Mice show facial expressions of pain that can be measured.

Neurons
70.9 million measured · whole brain (isotropic fractionator)
Herculano-Houzel S, Mota B, Lent R (2006). Cellular scaling rules for rodent brains. PNAS 103:12138-12143. doi:10.1073/pnas.0604911103.
In the cerebral cortex (or bird pallium)
about 13.7 million
Herculano-Houzel S, Mota B, Lent R (2006). Cellular scaling rules for rodent brains. PNAS 103:12138-12143. doi:10.1073/pnas.0604911103.

Evidence

  • Mice show a facial expression that codes for pain.
    Langford DJ, Bailey AL, Chanda ML, Clarke SE, et al. (2010) Coding of facial expressions of pain in the laboratory mouse. Nat Methods 7(6):447-449. doi:10.1038/nmeth.1455.

The New York Declaration on Animal Consciousness (2024) finds strong scientific support for conscious experience in mammals and birds.