Ba za a iya lissafa hankula ba
Hujjar Bostrom tana ɗauka ’yancin kayan aiki. Wato hankali yana dogara ne ga yadda aka tsara shi da abin da yake yi, ba ga kasancewarsa na halitta ba. Idan tafiyar da shirin da ya dace bai isa ga fahimta ko ƙwarewa ba, jama’ar da aka kwaikwayo ba su da masu kallo a cikinta. Sannan kaho na uku ba ya faɗin komai game da mu.
Abin da samfurin ya faɗa. Maɓallin samfurin hankali yana auna kowane mataki, daga na rubutu zuwa na quantum. Idan hankula suna buƙatar tsarin quantum, matakin quantum yana aiki. Lambarsa riƙon wuri ne, domin babu wanda ya buga kiyasi.
Inda ya tsaya. Lissafa lissafin matakin cikakken bayani ba ya gaya mana ko wannan mataki yana haifar da ƙwarewa. Samfurin yana ƙirga ayyuka, ba hankula ba.
Duba: Alamomin sani · Searle, J. R. (1980). Minds, brains, and programs. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 3, 417–424.; Penrose, R. (1989). The Emperor’s New Mind. Oxford University Press.
Sararin samaniya ba zai iya kwaikwayon kansa ba
Rubuta kowane ɓarbashi na sararin samaniya yana buƙatar ƙwaƙwalwa da ƙarfi fiye da yadda sararin samaniya mai kimiyyar lissafi iri ɗaya yake da su. Don haka kwaikwayon wannan sararin samaniya a cikakken ƙuduri ba zai yiwu a zahiri ba.
Abin da samfurin ya faɗa. Samfurin ya yarda a cikakken bayani. Sararin samaniyar da ake iya gani a ƙudurin quantum ya wuce ma’auni, kuma Duniya zarra bayan zarra tana ɗaukar 1068 FLOPS. Yana kuma nuna amsar da aka saba. Nuna abin da hankula suke kallo kawai yana rage jimillar da matakan girma goma-goma.
Inda ya tsaya. Ba mu auna ko duniya da ake nunawa idan an duba za ta iya zama daidai a ƙarƙashin kowane awo mai yiwuwa ba.
Duba: Abin da kwamfuta za ta iya tafiyarwa · Vazza, F. (2025). Astrophysical constraints on the simulation hypothesis for this Universe. Frontiers in Physics 13, 1561873.
Masu kwaikwayo ba lallai ne su yi tarayya da kimiyyar lissafinmu ba
Kowace daga cikin waɗannan hujjoji tana ɗauka ainihin gaskiya tana bin kimiyyar lissafinmu. Mai kwaikwayo a duniya mai dokoki daban-daban, ƙarin girma ko babu iyakar Landauer ba a ɗaura shi da rufinmu ba. Don haka babu jimillar da aka lissafa a nan da ke iyakance shi.
Abin da samfurin ya faɗa. Kowane rufi a shafin, daga ƙasan Landauer zuwa kwamfutar sararin samaniya, an faɗa shi a matsayin kimiyyar lissafinmu. Shafin Nesting yana cewa ainihin gaskiyarsa tana da kimiyyar lissafi irin tamu.
Inda ya tsaya. Samfurin ba zai iya faɗin komai game da kwamfuta a kimiyyar lissafi da ba a sani ba. Jimillarsa tana faɗin abin da duniya irin tamu za ta lissafa, ba abin da kowane mai kwaikwayo mai yiwuwa zai iya ba.
Duba: Hanya · Bostrom, N. (2003). Are you living in a computer simulation? Philosophical Quarterly 53, 243–255.
Koma baya mara iyaka
Idan an kwaikwaye mu, masu kwaikwayonmu ma na iya zama a kwaikwaye, kuma haka ba tare da ƙarewa ba. Ko dai koma bayan bai taɓa tsayawa ba, wanda matsala ce, ko akwai ainihin gaskiya kuma wannan tambaya iri ɗaya ta taso a can.
Abin da samfurin ya faɗa. A ƙarƙashin kimiyyar lissafinmu kwamfuta da aka kwaikwaye ba za ta fi duniyar da take gudana a cikinta lissafi ba. Don haka kowane mataki yana samun kaso ne kawai na lissafin da ke tafiyar da shi. Kowace duniya da wani yake a ciki tana buƙatar mafi ƙarancin lissafi, don haka samarwar da ke raguwa ta ƙare kuma jeri yana da iyaka. Zurfinsa ya dogara ga kason da kowace duniya ke amfani da shi.
Inda ya tsaya. Samfurin yana nuna jeri dole ya ƙare a ƙarƙashin kimiyyar lissafinmu. Ba ya nuna inda muke a ciki, kuma masu kwaikwayo masu wata kimiyyar lissafi ba a ɗaure su da shi ba. Wolpert (2025) yana yin hujja ta lissafi cewa sararin samaniya zai iya tafiyar da kwaikwayon kansa. Samfuri mai adadin lissafi tsayayye ga kowane mataki ba zai iya ɗaukar wannan yanayi ba.
Duba: Kwaikwayo a cikin kwaikwayo · Wolpert, D. H. (2025). What computer science has to say about the simulation hypothesis. Journal of Physics: Complexity 6, 045010.
Ƙa’idar rashin bambanci
Kaho na uku yana buƙatar ƙa’idar rashin bambanci. Idan yawancin masu kallo masu ƙwarewa irin tamu ana kwaikwayon su, ya kamata mu yarda cewa mai yiwuwa muna cikinsu. Masu suka suna cewa shaidarmu, ko rukunin masu kallo da muka zaɓa, ba ta ba mu damar ɗaukar kanmu a matsayin samfurin bazuwar ba.
Abin da samfurin ya faɗa. Kayan aikin matsalar uku yana yin wannan lissafi. Ka ba shi kaso biyu da adadin kwafi da wayewa za ta iya tafiyarwa, kuma yana ba da rahoton kason masu kallo irinmu da aka kwaikwaye.
Inda ya tsaya. Ko wannan kaso ya zama matakin imaninka tambaya ce game da shaida da inda kake a tsakanin masu kallo. Samfurin lissafi ba ya magana a kai.
Duba: Filin gwaji, matsalar uku ta Bostrom · Weatherson, B. (2003). Are you a sim? Philosophical Quarterly 53, 425–431.
Babu wanda zai gudanar da su
Wayewa balagaggiya na iya hana kwaikwayon kakanni cike da wahala, ko ganin su marasa amfani ko marasa daɗi. Idan kusan babu wanda ke gudanar da su, kaho na biyu ya riƙe kuma mai yiwuwa ba a kwaikwaye mu ba.
Abin da samfurin ya faɗa. Samfurin yana lissafa lissafin da wata duniya ke buƙata, kuma allunan ɗabi’a suna karanta shi ta hanyar tsarin ɗabi’a huɗu.
Inda ya tsaya. Dalilai ba lissafi ba ne. An yi wa allunan ɗabi’a lakabi da hukuncin marubuci. Samfurin ba ya hasashen abin da kowace wayewa za ta zaɓa.
Duba: Filin gwaji, allunan hukunci · Bostrom, N. (2003). Are you living in a computer simulation? Philosophical Quarterly 53, 243–255.
Ba za a iya gwada shi ba
Kwaikwayo mai kyau zai iya ɓoye kowane ɗinki. Don haka babu kallo da zai tabbatar ko ya karyata hasashen. Da’awar da ba ta yin hasashen komai ba da’awar kimiyya ba ce.
Abin da samfurin ya faɗa. Takamaiman aiwatarwa suna yin hasashe. Raga tana hasashen cosmic rays da ke dogara ga alkibla. Lokaci-sarari mai yankewa yana hasashen saurin haske da ke dogara ga ƙarfi. Mutane sun nemi waɗannan alamu kuma sun sanya iyaka.
Inda ya tsaya. Sakamako marar komai yana fitar da wasu aiwatarwa. Ba ya fitar da hasashen gabaɗaya.
Duba: Gwaje-gwaje · Aaronson, S. (2017). The Simulation Hypothesis has not been falsified; remains unfalsifiable. Shtetl-Optimized.; Beane, S. R., Davoudi, Z. & Savage, M. J. (2014). Constraints on the Universe as a numerical simulation. Eur. Phys. J. A 50, 148.
Hasashen yana karyata kansa
A ra’ayin semantic externalist, hankali da aka kwaikwaye kawai ba zai iya yin nuni ga kwamfutoci na gaske ko kwaikwayo na gaske ba. Don haka jumlar “muna cikin kwaikwayo” ba za ta iya zama gaskiya ba idan wani yana tunaninta daga cikin ɗaya.
Abin da samfurin ya faɗa. Babu. Nuni ga wani abu ba abu ne da za a iya lissafa shi ba.
Inda ya tsaya. Hujjar tana game da ma’ana ce, kuma samfurin yana auna lissafi kawai. Shafin Putnam yana shimfiɗa hujjar.
Duba: Kwakwalwar Putnam a cikin tulu · Putnam, H. (1981). Reason, Truth and History. Cambridge University Press.
Ba zai yi muhimmanci ba
Ko da an kwaikwaye mu, abubuwan da ke kewaye da mu suna wanzuwa a matsayin tsarin dijital, kuma imaninmu game da su galibi gaskiya ne. Hasashen ba shakka ba ne. Da’awa ce game da abin da duniyarmu aka yi da shi.
Abin da samfurin ya faɗa. Samfurin ba ya goyon bayan kowa. Yana lissafa yawan lissafin da duniya ke buƙata, ko wane ƙarshe ka cimma game da ko abin da aka lissafa na gaske ne.
Inda ya tsaya. Ko abubuwan da aka kwaikwaye na gaske ne tambaya ce ta metaphysics. Samfurin lissafi ba zai iya amsa ta ba.
Duba: Gaskiyar kwaikwayo ta Chalmers · Chalmers, D. J. (2022). Reality+: Virtual Worlds and the Problems of Philosophy. W. W. Norton.